Smartphone dongle for simultaneous measurement of hemoglobin concentration and detection of HIV antibodies

Guo, Tiffany; Patnaik, Ritish; Kuhlmann, Kevin; Alex, J.; Sia, Samuel K.

doi:10.1039/c5lc00609k

Cited by 73 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…77 In this system, an immunoassay device was expanded to quantitatively detect hemoglobin concentration and HIV antibodies through colorimetric measurement of the optical density of silver precipitation on gold nanoparticles. It has been demonstrated that the HIV immunoassay in the presence of CHAPs detergent could have 95% specificity and 95% sensitivity.…”

Section: Cell Phone-based Dongle Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of nanodiagnostics in point-of-care tests for infectious diseases

Wang¹,

Yu²,

Kong³

et al. 2017

IJN

103

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Although tremendous efforts have been put into the treatment of infectious diseases to prevent epidemics and mortality, it is still one of the major health care issues that have a profound impact on humankind. Therefore, the development of specific, sensitive, accurate, rapid, low-cost, and easy-to-use diagnostic tools is still in urgent demand. Nanodiagnostics, defined as the application of nanotechnology to medical diagnostics, can offer many unique opportunities for more successful and efficient diagnosis and treatment for infectious diseases. In this review, we provide an overview of the nanodiagnostics for infectious diseases from nanoparticle-based, nanodevice-based, and point-of-care test (POCT) platforms. Most importantly, emphasis focused on the recent trends in the nanotechnology-based POCT system. The current state-of-the-art and most promising point-of-care nanodiagnostic technologies, including miniaturized diagnostic magnetic resonance platform, magnetic barcode assay system, cell phone-based polarized light microscopy platform, cell phone-based dongle platform, and paper-based POCT platform, for infectious diseases were fully examined. The limitations, challenges, and future trends of the nanodiagnostics in POCTs for infectious diseases are also discussed.

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Section: Cell Phone-based Dongle Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of nanodiagnostics in point-of-care tests for infectious diseases

Wang¹,

Yu²,

Kong³

et al. 2017

IJN

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For reasons including convenience and privacy, reproductive health has already proven to be an important area for decentralizing blood testing. This practical and promising study of Nosrati et al complements other next-generation diagnostic tests for reproductive health that have been tested on clinical samples (4,5,7,8 ), as well as recently approved home tests such as the HIV test (9 ). More broadly, advances such as the test reported by Nosrati et al could dramatically expand the capabilities of consumer health testing devices, which are already prevalent for activity tracking and personalized genomics testing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Toward a Microfluidics-Based Home Male Fertility Test

2016

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Consumers are increasingly interested in knowing more about their own health. One of the most familiar directto-consumer diagnostics tests has been the home pregnancy test. In this issue of Clinical Chemistry, Nosrati et al.(1 ) report their clever and practical approach toward developing a new point-of-care diagnostic test for another reproductive health need-the assessment of male fertility.The authors developed the test using paper, a familiar substrate used in pregnancy tests and the subject of a flurry of recent improvements in microfluidics (2 ). The authors placed at the bottom one laminate layer, and on top, paper layers patterned with wax (3 ). With the paper test they aimed to quantify sperm concentration via a dye that changes color in the presence of an enzyme (diaphorase flavoprotein) that resides within metabolically active human sperm. In one spot on the paper, the sample reacts directly with the dried dye. In a second spot, sperm must swim vertically through a highly viscous buffer and a membrane filter to generate a colorimetric signal. Ten minutes later, a scanner reads the color intensities of the 2 spots, which are used to quantify live and motile sperm concentrations.The paper diagnostic test was assessed on 17 frozen human semen samples obtained from a hospital. Although the performance was promising (for example, it predicted correctly the 1 out of 6 samples having low sperm motility), it is increasingly recognized in the research field of microfluidics that there exists a yawning gap between an academic demonstration and clinical utility. Setting their test apart from many academic demonstrations, these investigators studied the performance of the test over different times of storage and at different humidity levels. Their device, when packaged with desiccant, demonstrated only a small degradation in color change over 16 weeks even in the presence of 22.8 g/m 3 humidity (equivalent to about the maximum humidity at room temperature). For point-of-care use, building a rugged and stable test is critical in translating a promising technology to the clinic.Not all clinical diagnostic tests that can be done in a point-of-care format should be done in a point-of-care format. One driver that justifies a consumer-facing diagnostic test is to provide information that would motivate patients to purchase and use the product. In line with the success of the home pregnancy test, the authors chose an application that would appeal to consumer use. In this case, assessment of male fertility is often initiated by the consumer in cases in which a couple has difficulty conceiving. Moreover, obtaining semen samples would be more comfortably performed at home and in private, which makes this application perfectly suited for home use. Although such considerations may appear more relevant at a later stage of commercialization, understanding them is important at an early research stage to develop a device with proper target specifications (sample type, simplicity of design, resources available) for the intended c...

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“…13 This approach has been replicated in platform based on a smartphone, in which the built-in camera sensor detects light transmission through a cuvette or microfluidic device. 14,15 Alternatively, some methods use paper to absorb treated blood prior to performing a colorimetric analysis. 16,17 In addition, a centrifugal microfluidics platform uses rigorous mixing of whole blood and chemicals prior to optical readouts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A microfluidic approach for hemoglobin detection in whole blood

et al. 2017

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Diagnosis of anemia relies on the detection of hemoglobin levels in a blood sample. Conventional blood analyzers are not readily available in most low-resource regions where anemia is prevalent, so detection methods that are low-cost and point-of-care are needed. Here, we present a microfluidic approach to measure hemoglobin concentration in a sample of whole blood. Unlike conventional approaches, our microfluidic approach does not require hemolysis. We detect the level of hemoglobin in a blood sample optically by illuminating the blood in a microfluidic channel at a peak wavelength of 540 nm and measuring its absorbance using a CMOS sensor coupled with a lens to magnify the image onto the detector. We compare measurements in microchannels with channel heights of 50 and 115 μm and found the channel with the 50 μm height provided a better range of detection. Since we use whole blood and not lysed blood, we fit our data to an absorption model that includes optical scattering in order to obtain a calibration curve for our system. Based on this calibration curve and data collected, we can measure hemoglobin concentration within 1 g/dL for severe cases of anemia. In addition, we measured optical density for blood flowing at a shear rate of 500 s-1 and observed it did not affect the nonlinear model. With this method, we provide an approach that uses microfluidic detection of hemoglobin levels that can be integrated with other microfluidic approaches for blood analysis.

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Smartphone dongle for simultaneous measurement of hemoglobin concentration and detection of HIV antibodies

Cited by 73 publications

References 15 publications

Application of nanodiagnostics in point-of-care tests for infectious diseases

Application of nanodiagnostics in point-of-care tests for infectious diseases

Toward a Microfluidics-Based Home Male Fertility Test

A microfluidic approach for hemoglobin detection in whole blood

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