Smekal-Raman Type Modified X-Ray Scattering

Abstract

with a repetition rate of only 10 per second would yield an average power of 20 milliwatts-a power somewhat above that presently available (considerably less than 1 /iw). If multiple pumping could be employed, pulsed fields of the order of a kilo-oersted would be sufficient.

X-ray Raman Scattering Study of Aligned Polyfluorene

“…This process is called X-ray Raman scattering. The first experimental reports , were followed by a theoretical explanation 3 and further experimental studies 4,6 that unambiguously proved that the XRS spectrum measured at low momentum transfer values indeed gives identical information compared to that of X-ray absorption spectra.…”

X-ray Raman Scattering: A Hard X-ray Probe of Complex Organic Systems

“…Sommerfeld interpreted the presence of discrete lines in the spectrum as residues of the K electron contribution to the Compton band, composed by scattered photons exciting but not ionizing the scattering atom . Das Gupta reported the observation of the effect several times in the 1950s − and suggested the name “Smekal–Raman modified X-ray scattering” . Finally, in 1967, Mizuno and Ohmura established the theoretical basis that links X-ray Raman scattering and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, while the pioneer experimental work of Suzuki explicitly showed the first X-ray Raman spectra.…”

Possible errors in energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry due to Raman scattering

“…Van Espen, H. A. Nullens, and F. C. Adams* Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp (UIA), Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium Shortly after the discovery of Raman scattering of visible light in 1928 (1), an intensive search was conducted to find a similar effect for X-rays. Although the phenomenon had already been predicted in 1923 (2), conclusive evidence for its existence could not be obtained until 1959 (3,4). The effect can be described as follows: an incident photon with energy hrQ ejects an electron from one of the inner shells of the atom, giving it a kinetic energy Ek; the remaining energy can be detected as a photon having an energy hr, with…”

“…We have shown that chemiluminescence can be used to monitor competitive protein-binding reactions (1)(2)(3). Chemiluminescent reactions of aminophthalhydrazides with the H202 (oxidant) and microperoxidase (catalyst) are relatively rapid (4); therefore, the reactants must be mixed quickly in front of the photodetector.…”