Smile microesthetics as perceived by dental professionals and laypersons

Alomari, Sawsan; Alhaija, Elham S. Abu; Al‐Wahadni, Ahed; Al-Tawachi, Akram

doi:10.2319/020521-108.1

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Gingival asymmetry can be treated by a multidisciplinary approach, but it is necessary to know how much asymmetry is acceptable to our patients. Previous studies showed that dental specialists were more critical of gingival asymmetries than laypersons ( 3 , 7 , 11 ). The results of our study are in agreement with these findings as we reported that specialists could detect 1 mm of gingival asymmetry, unlike laypeople who were unable to see gingival asymmetry less than 2 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of Gingival Margin Asymmetries on the Smile Esthetic Perception of Dental Specialists, Doctors of Dental Medicine, Students, and Laypeople: a Comparative Pilot Study

Šarac¹,

Milošević²,

Vražić³

et al. 2022

Acta Stomatol Croat

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Objective To evaluate the perceptions of altered incisor gingival position among dental specialists, dentists, dental students, and laypeople. Materials and methods Four digital smile photographs with altered gingival margin position of the right maxillary incisor (0, 1, 2, and 3 mm) were presented to a sample of 232 respondents (71.1% female; 28.9% male): 42 dental specialists, 63 dentists, 33 dental students (1 st to 3 rd year), 38 dental students (4 th to 6 th year) and 56 laypeople. The questionnaire consisted of four randomly displayed photographs, administered via Google Form, and respondents were asked to rate the images on a scale from 1 to 5, from the least attractive to the most attractive. A statistical analysis was performed using the TIBCO Statistica program (v. 13.3. 0, TIBCO Software Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA; 2017). According to the Shapiro- Wilk's test, the data were not distributed normally. The Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc multiple comparisons with the Bonferroni adjustment were used to compare group esthetic scores and to determine the threshold levels of deviation at which each group was discriminated between esthetic and non-esthetic situations. Results Median values of esthetic scores decreased in all groups as the gingival asymmetries increased. Dental professionals were significantly more critical of esthetics than laypeople in all levels of asymmetry. The greatest difference was found for 2 mm of gingival asymmetry (p=0.002). Conclusion From the results of our study, we can conclude that the perception of gingival asymmetries in the esthetic zone of smile differs among dental specialists, doctors, students, and laypeople. Dental specialists, doctors, and clinical students were more critical of these asymmetries, while preclinical students and laypeople noticed only 2 mm or more of gingival asymmetry of central incisors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of Gingival Margin Asymmetries on the Smile Esthetic Perception of Dental Specialists, Doctors of Dental Medicine, Students, and Laypeople: a Comparative Pilot Study

Šarac¹,

Milošević²,

Vražić³

et al. 2022

Acta Stomatol Croat

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“…The researchers controlled the rating time, ensuring no comparison of photos and a fixed view distance for the purpose of reducing bias. Unlike Alomari et al [ 26 ], a study regarding smiles was done based on online google form questionnaires, making it difficult to control dimensions since the raters can zoom. While [ 28 , 29 ] gathered the raters in a classroom, the raters' location may have influenced their responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sample size was calculated using G*Power (V. 3.1.9.4) based on a previous study that reported a mean attractiveness score of (2.22 ± 0.94) and (2.18 ± 0.81) by laypeople and orthodontists respectively, assuming a small effect size difference (0.25) between groups. The power analysis showed a total sample size estimate of 220 raters required for each ethnic group, with at least 45 participants for each group based on the profession at a conventional α level (0.05) and desired power (1 – β) of 0.85 [ 26 ]. This number was later increased to 280 for each ethnic group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chosen photo was then subsequently imported to Adobe Photoshop (CS5.1, San Jose, Calif.) and was cropped and divided into two groups: group 1, which included two-thirds of the nose, lips, and chin (NLC), and group 2, which only included the smiling lips (L) [ 10 ]. Afterward, the photos were converted to black and white [ 26 ]. Step 5: Alter the midline.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the ethnic, profession, gender, and social background on the perception of upper dental midline deviations in smile esthetics by Chinese and Black raters

et al. 2023

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Abstracts Background The purpose of this study was to compare the perception of upper dental midline deviation on the attractiveness of a smile among raters from different ethnicities, professions, genders, and ages and measure to what extent the presence or absence of the associated smiling structures influence the raters' evaluations. Methods A male subject (26 years of age) with adequate smile characteristics was selected by 3 experienced orthodontists, and 561 raters from 2 different ethnic groups (281 Chinese raters and 280 Black raters) rated the subject's smile after the subject's upper dental midline was digitally altered from 0 to 5 mm using a 5-point Likert scale on 12 smile photographs divided into two groups: group 1, in the presence of smile related structures, two-thirds of the nose, lips, and chin (NLC), and group 2, in the absence of smile related structures, the lips only (L). Results There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the two ethnicities, in 2 mm and 4 mm in-group NLC and 5 mm in-group L, as well as the raters' profession to each midline shift of both groups (NLC) and (L) for both ethnicities except for 0 mm. Regarding the role of associated smile structures, the smile photos were observed in the presence of smile-associated structures, and in its absence (NLC × L), statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found when the deviation was 5 mm among the Chinese raters; in 1 mm, and 4 mm among the Black raters. Among different genders, statistical differences were only reported (p < 0.05) for Chinese raters for 5 mm in NLC, while statistical differences were observed for 2 mm and 3 mm in NLC for Black raters. For age categories, differences were observed (p < 0.05) for 4 mm, 5 mm in NLC and 4 mm, and 5 mm in L for Chinese raters, while 5 mm in NLC and 1 mm in L for Black raters. Conclusion Perception of the upper dental midline deviations was influenced by the factors of ethnicity, profession, presence or absence of smile-associated structures, as well as the gender and age of the raters.

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“…This might result in esthetic troubles, speech problems, food impaction and/or improper plaque control 5 – 7 . Black triangles, especially between the central incisors, are considered among the worst esthetic factors that negatively impact smile esthetics 8 – 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The knowledge regarding the impacts and management of black triangles among dental professionals and laypeople

AL-Omiri,

Atieh,

Abu-Awwad

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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This study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding impacts, causes and management of black triangles (BT) among participants from different educational backgrounds including dental students, dentists and laypeople. This descriptive cross-sectional observational research included 435 participants who comprised 4 groups: pre-clinical (3rd year) dental students, clinical (4th and 5th year) dental students, dentists, and laypeople. A constructed self-reported questionnaire was utilized to assess participants’ demographic data and their knowledge of the impacts, causes and management of BT. The VAS scale was used to assess participants’ ratings for the impacts of BT on esthetics, with 0 meaning no impact and 10 meaning very severe negative impacts. The most reported treatments for BT were “cannot be treated” 99.3% and “non-surgical periodontal treatment” 67.1%. Meanwhile, the least reported was “modify the porcelain” 41.8%. The most reported cause of BT was “periodontal disease” 85.1%. However, the least reported were “parafunction” and “deep implants” 33.1% each. Dental professionals had better knowledge of the causes (t = 8.189, P < 0.001) and management (t = 8.289, P < 0.001) of BT than the non-dental participants. The dentists had the best knowledge, while the laypeople had the least knowledge of the causes (F = 62.056, P < 0.001) and treatment (F = 46.120, P < 0.001) of BT. The knowledge of the causes (t = 0.616, P = 0.538) and treatment (t = 1.113, P = 0.266) for BT was not significantly different between males and females. Age was not significantly related to the total knowledge about the causes (r = −0.034, P = 0.475) or treatment (r = −0.034, P = 0.482) for BT. Dental professionals had better knowledge of the impacts, causes and management of BT than the non-dental participants. The dentists were the best, while the laypeople were the worst in this regard. Age and gender had no relationships with the knowledge of causes or management of BT.

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Smile microesthetics as perceived by dental professionals and laypersons

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Impact of Gingival Margin Asymmetries on the Smile Esthetic Perception of Dental Specialists, Doctors of Dental Medicine, Students, and Laypeople: a Comparative Pilot Study

Impact of Gingival Margin Asymmetries on the Smile Esthetic Perception of Dental Specialists, Doctors of Dental Medicine, Students, and Laypeople: a Comparative Pilot Study

Effect of the ethnic, profession, gender, and social background on the perception of upper dental midline deviations in smile esthetics by Chinese and Black raters

The knowledge regarding the impacts and management of black triangles among dental professionals and laypeople

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