Smoking after nicotine deprivation enhances cognitive performance and decreases tobacco craving in drug abusers

Bell, Sandra L.; Taylor, Richard; Singleton, Edward G.; Henningfield, Jack E.; Heishman, Stephen J.

doi:10.1080/14622299050011141

Cited by 103 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The insensitivity of the Logical Reasoning Task to smoking history and acute challenge to nicotine conflicts with previous reports of abstinence-induced performance decrements and subsequent improvement after nicotine gum , or smoking (Bell et al 1999). In the latter study, although performance did not differ between a nonabstinent state and 18-h abstinence, the smoking of two cigarettes after abstinence reduced reaction time.…”

Section: Discusssioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

“…In nicotine-dependent individuals, tobacco deprivation can impair attentional and cognitive abilities within 12 h of smoking cessation (Bell et al 1999;Gross et al 1993;Lyvers et al 1994), and nicotine administration or cigarette smoking can reverse such deficits to predeprivation performance levels (Bell et al 1999;Parrott and Roberts 1991). Whether improved performance associated with relief from withdrawal should be considered cognitive enhancement has been questioned (Heishman et al 1994;Hughes 1991).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Smoking History and Nicotine Effects on Cognitive Performance

Ernst

2001

Neuropsychopharmacology

215

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discusssioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking History and Nicotine Effects on Cognitive Performance

Ernst

2001

Neuropsychopharmacology

215

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Nicotine administration also has been reported to improve reaction time (regardless of smoking status) as well (Ernst et al, 2001a). Consistent with these findings are studies which demonstrate that acute abstinence from smoking (within 12 h) results in slowed response times (Bell et al, 1999;Gross et al, 1993;Thompson et al, 2002).…”

Section: Effect Of Nicotine On Brain Activation During Cognitive Tasksmentioning

confidence: 53%

Functional brain imaging of tobacco use and dependence

Brody

2006

Journal of Psychiatric Research

177

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While most cigarette smokers endorse a desire to quit smoking, only about 14% to 49% will achieve abstinence after 6 months or more of treatment. A greater understanding of the effects of smoking on brain function may (in conjunction with other lines of research) result in improved pharmacological (and behavioral) interventions. Many research groups have examined the effects of acute and chronic nicotine/cigarette exposure on brain activity using functional imaging; the purpose of this paper is to synthesize findings from such studies and present a coherent model of brain function in smokers. Responses to acute administration of nicotine/smoking include: a reduction in global brain activity; activation of the prefrontal cortex, thalamus, and visual system; activation of the thalamus and visual cortex during visual cognitive tasks; and increased dopamine (DA) concentration in the ventral striatum/nucleus accumbens. Responses to chronic nicotine/cigarette exposure include decreased monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B activity in the basal ganglia and a reduction in α 4 β 2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) availability in the thalamus and putamen. Taken together, these findings indicate that smoking enhances neurotransmission through cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic circuits either by direct stimulation of nAChRs, indirect stimulation via DA release or MAO inhibition, or a combination of these factors. Activation of this circuitry may be responsible for the effects of smoking seen in tobacco dependent subjects, such as improvements in attentional performance, mood, anxiety, and irritability.

show abstract

“…Smokers commonly believe that smoking improves attention, alertness and concentration (West, 1993) and such perceived benefits have been suggested to motivate continued smoking (Heishman et al 2010). A plethora of studies have demonstrated that smoking can improve, and deprivation impair, performance on a variety of cognitive domains including reaction time (Bates et al 1995;Giannakoulas et al 2003;Perkins et al 1995), vigilance/attention (Bell et al 1999;Gilbert et al 1997), inhibitory control (Powell et al 2001), learning (Soar et al 2008), and working memory (Jacobsen et al 2005;Merritt et al 2012). Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is also associated with attenuation of tobacco withdrawal symptoms (Kleykamp et al 2008;Shiffman et al 2006) and improved cognitive performance in abstinent smokers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine derived from the electronic cigarette improves time-based prospective memory in abstinent smokers

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale: It is well-established that nicotine improves, and deprivation impairs, cognitive performance and mood in smokers. Prospective memory (PM), remembering to execute a delayed intention at a given time point, is under-explored in smokers. Whilst a handful of studies have shown improved PM with nicotine, effects of nicotine delivered via the electronic cigarette have not been investigated.Objective: This study explores whether, by comparison with placebo, nicotine delivered via the e-cigarette can improve PM, tobacco withdrawal symptoms and desire to smoke in abstinent smokers.Methods: Twenty smokers, abstinent for 8-10 hours, each completed two experimental sessions under nicotine (18mg) and placebo (0mg) e-cigarette conditions. Participants completed a single-item desire to smoke scale and the Mood and Physical Symptoms Scale (MPSS). PM was measured using the Cambridge Prospective Memory Test (CAMPROMPT).Results: Compared with placebo, the nicotine e-cigarette reduced desire to smoke and tobacco withdrawal symptoms, and improved time-based but not event-based PM. There was a moderate, marginally significant negative correlation between PM performance during abstinence and nicotine dependence.Conclusions: This is the first study to show that nicotine derived via e-cigarette can improve PM in abstinent smokers suggesting efficient nicotine delivery. That the effect of nicotine was restricted to time-based rather than event-based PM is consistent with the view that nicotine acts to improve performance on strategic (effortful) rather than automatic processing. These findings add to the growing body of evidence that the e-cigarette can replace some of the effects of nicotine derived from tobacco smoking thus highlighting its potential for smoking cessation.

show abstract

Smoking after nicotine deprivation enhances cognitive performance and decreases tobacco craving in drug abusers

Cited by 103 publications

References 41 publications

Smoking History and Nicotine Effects on Cognitive Performance

Smoking History and Nicotine Effects on Cognitive Performance

Functional brain imaging of tobacco use and dependence

Nicotine derived from the electronic cigarette improves time-based prospective memory in abstinent smokers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About