Smoking and Other Risk Factors in Individuals With Synchronous Conventional High-Risk Adenomas and Clinically Significant Serrated Polyps

Anderson, Joseph C.; Calderwood, Audrey H.; Christensen, Brock C.; Robinson, Christina M.; Amos, Christopher I.; Butterly, Lynn F.

doi:10.1038/s41395-018-0393-0

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…After being inhaled, nicotine crosses the alveolar surface of the lungs, stimulating ß-adrenoceptors and generating elevated levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin-E2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), favoring the nicotine exchange in the smoker's tissues; these findings provide an association of nicotine with the genesis of lesions, cellular modifications and even cancer [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of tobacco consumption on the appearance of cervicovaginal lesions

JA¹,

Castillo-Flores²,

CJ³

et al. 2022

GSC Adv. Res. Rev.

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The gynecological interrogations, clinical impressions and results obtained from 1587 patients who attended the Department of Cellular Biology of the Faculty of Medicine of the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, México, for cervicovaginal exfoliative cytology sampling (Papanicolaou) were analyzed. Within the framework of the early cancer detection program from March 2010 to March 2021. From the 1587 patients studied, 302 reported smoking during the gynecological examination. Of the total number of patients with a smoking habit 178 (58.94%) showed cervicovaginal lesions on microscopic observation and/or physical examination. Smoking is considered a predisposing factor in the appearance of cervicovaginal lesions, and there is a need to carry out more detailed studies on the secondary effects of tobacco in patients with an active sexual life and a smoking habit in Mexico.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of tobacco consumption on the appearance of cervicovaginal lesions

JA¹,

Castillo-Flores²,

CJ³

et al. 2022

GSC Adv. Res. Rev.

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“…With time, progression of dysplasia leads to a well-known adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Various risk factors have been associated with high-grade dysplasia adenoma, including genetic predisposition, inflammatory bowel diseases, age, male sex, smoking, poor dietary habits, obesity and metabolic syndrome[ 18 , 19 ]. Since metabolic syndrome is experiencing a worldwide epidemic-like rise in incidence, its clinical consequences such as tumors, with colorectal adenomas and carcinomas among others, are also experiencing a dramatic rise[ 20 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of adipokine ghrelin and ghrelin receptor in human colorectal adenoma and correlation with the grade of dysplasia

Stojsavljević-Shapeski¹,

Virović-Jukić²,

Tomas³

et al. 2021

WJGS

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BACKGROUND Ghrelin is an adipokine that plays an important role in energy balance. Expression of ghrelin and ghrelin receptor has been investigated in different tissues and tumors. Studies regarding expression of ghrelin and ghrelin receptor in colorectal tumors are scarce and no data on expression of ghrelin and its receptor in colorectal adenomas has been published. Ghrelin and ghrelin receptor were highly expressed in colon carcinoma cells while expression was decreased in less differentiated tumors, presuming that ghrelin might be important in early phases of tumorigenesis. AIM To investigate the expression of ghrelin and ghrelin receptor in human colorectal adenomas and adjacent colorectal tissue. METHODS In this prospective study (conducted from June 2015 until May 2019) we included 92 patients (64 male and 28 female) who underwent polypectomy for colorectal adenomas in the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Sestre milosrdnice” Clinical Hospital Center in Zagreb, Croatia. After endoscopic removal of colorectal adenoma, an additional sample of colon mucosa in the proximity of the adenoma was collected for pathohistological analysis. Adenomas were graded according to the stage of dysplasia, and ghrelin and ghrelin receptor expression were determined immunohistochemically in both adenoma and adjacent colon tissue using the polyclonal antibody for ghrelin (ab150514, ABCAM Inc, Cambridge, United States) and ghrelin receptor (ab48285, ABCAM Inc, Cambridge, United States). Categorical and nominal variables were described through frequencies and proportions and the difference between specific groups were analyzed with Fisher’s and Fisher-Freeman-Halton’s method respectively. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was determined for correlation of expression of ghrelin and ghrelin receptor in adenoma and adjacent colon tissue with the grade of adenoma dysplasia. RESULTS Among 92 patients with colorectal adenoma 43 had adenomas with high-grade dysplasia (46.7%). High expression of ghrelin was 7 times more common in high-grade adenoma compared to low-grade adenomas (13.95% to 2.04%, P = 0.048), while the expression of ghrelin in adjacent colon tissue was low. We found no correlation between ghrelin receptor expression in adenoma and adjacent colon tissue and the grade of colorectal adenoma dysplasia. The most significant correlation was found between ghrelin and ghrelin receptor expression in adenomas with high-grade dysplasia (rho = 0.519, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Ghrelin and ghrelin receptor are expressed in colorectal adenoma and adjacent tissue with ghrelin expression being more pronounced in high grade dysplasia as a possible consequence of increased local synthesis.

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“…23 One study has shown that these individuals with both types of polyps may have a unique risk profile. 24 Specifically, those with both serrated polyps and conventional adenomas have an association with smoking that is stronger than those with either type of polyp only. Unfortunately, a risk profile analysis with the 69 individuals with both serrated and conventional adenomas was not performed in the current analysis.…”

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confidence: 96%