Smoking cessation in pregnancy Mode of intervention and effect

Abstract

Three groups (n = 50 each) of pregnant smokers wanting to quit the habit were assigned to three different intervention programs around their 18th week in pregnancy. Group 1 participated in a smoking cessation program offering several self-help methods; group 2 attended a doctor's information meeting at the hospital; and group 3 received a pamphlet on the deleterious effects of smoking in pregnancy. For Group 4, the control group, there was no intervention. In all three intervention groups, more than one-third reduced their smoking to almost half, while 38% quit altogether in group 1, compared with less than 10% in groups 2 and 3. Twelve months later, 16%, 6% and 8% respectively, remained abstinent in the three groups. In groups 2 and 3, abstinence proved to be of the same magnitude as in the control group. We conclude that smoking in pregnancy, being one of the few amenable to risk factors affecting the perinatal death statistics, demands an active smoking cessation program during pregnancy led by specially trained health professionals.

Effective approaches to persuading pregnant women to quit smoking: A meta‐analysis of intervention evaluation studies

“…These included doctor' s advice (Baric et al, 1976;Valbo & Schioldberg, 1991, intervention2), ultrasound feedback (Reading et al, 1982, midwife training (Dunkley, 1997), and telephone support (Bullock et al, 1995). Moreover, unlike the 31 studies employing lea ets or manuals, none of these ve interventions used any additional intervention components.…”

Helseforskjeller blant nyfødte barn i Oslo

“…tobakksrøyking, høyt blodtrykk, infeksjoner, alkohol, dårlig ernaering og mangelfulle svangerskapstjenester er kjente risikofaktorer for lav fødselsvekt (7-9,17,18). Tobakksrøy-king i svangerskapet er antakelig den mest utbredte risikofaktoren i Norge i dag (3,17). Det kan se ut til at kvinner i Oslo røyker noe mindre enn landsgjennomsnittet.…”

“…Det kan vaere en stor andel dagligrøykere blant norske kvinner i Oslo øst. Økt innsats og systematisk metodeutvikling på tiltak både i skolen og i svangerskapsomsorgen (8,9,17,25) kan vaere en vei å gå. Imidlertid er det som tidligere nevnt betydelige kunnskapshull om de viktigste årsakene til de observerte helseforskjellene og virkninger av ulike tiltak.…”

Smoking among pregnant women - epidemiology and health consequences

“…In another Norwegian study 150 pregnant smokers were assigned to three different smoking intervention programmes (53). Group 1 participated in a smoking cessation programme offering several self-help methods; group 2 attended a doctor's information meeting at the hospital; and group 3 received a pamphlet on the deleterious effects of smoking in pregnancy.…”