Smoking History and Aging-Associated Cognitive Decline:An Event-Related Brain Potential Study

Purpose: to perform a comparative study of brainstem evoked auditory potentials between smokers and non-smokers. Methods: the group studied was composed of 40 individuals, being 20 non-smokers and 20 smokers within the range of 20 to 59 years of age. All participants had to present responses to tonal thresholds within normal range and tympanometry type A, with the presence of ipsilateral and contralateral acoustic reflexes. Both groups underwent brain stem auditory evoked potential (BAEP). The parameters used to compare the two groups were the absolute latencies of waves I, III and V, the inter-latency waves I-III, IV and III-V in both ears, the difference between the IV inter-peak latency between the two ears and the inter--aural difference of wave V absolute latency between the two ears. Results: in our results, it was ascertained that the group of smokers showed latency I in the RE (p= 0.036), latency V in the RE (p= 0.007), latency V in the LE (p=0.014), inter-latency III-V in the RE (p=0.015) and LE (p= 0.016) significantly higher than the non-smokers. There was no significant difference in wave V latency between the two ears. Conclusion: the results of the study led to the conclusion that tobacco is a risk factor for the central auditory nervous system, interfering with latencies and with BAEP inter-wave latencies in the group of smokers when compared to the group of non-smokers. Keywords: Smoking; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; Hearing RESUMO Objetivo: comparar os resultados dos exames de potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico em indivíduos não tabagistas e tabagistas. Métodos: foram estudados 40 indivíduos, sendo 20 não tabagistas e 20 tabagistas, com idades entre 20 e 59 anos. Todos os participantes incluídos na pesquisa deveriam apresentar respostas de limiares tonais dentro dos padrões da normalidade e timpanometria tipo A com presença de reflexos acústicos contralaterais e ipsilaterais. Em ambos os grupos foram realizados os potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico (PEATE), por meio de cliques. Os parâmetros que foram utilizados na comparação dos dois grupos foram as latências absolutas das ondas I, III e V; as interlatências das ondas I-III, I-V e III-V em ambas as orelhas; a diferença da latência interpico I-V entre as duas orelhas e a diferença interaural da latência absoluta da onda V entre as duas orelhas. Resultados: os resultados encontrados mostraram que o grupo de tabagistas apresentou latência I da Orelha Direita (p=0,036), latência V da Orelha Direita (p=0,007), latência V da Orelha Esquerda (p=0,014), interlatência III-V da Orelha Direita (p=0,015) e Orelha Esquerda (p=0,016) significantemente maior que o grupo de não tabagistas. Não houve diferença significante na latência da onda V entre as duas orelhas. Conclusão: os resultados da pesquisa levaram à conclusão de que o tabaco é um fator de risco para o sistema nervoso auditivo central, que pode interferir nas latências e interlatências das ondas do PEATE no grupo de tabagistas quando comparado com...

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“…Such data were also observed in research 20 in which the latency of wave III showed higher values in the group of smokers when…”

Section: Wavessupporting

confidence: 74%

Potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico em fumantes

et al. 2016

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“…Similarly, recent laboratory studies of brain function via quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) or event-related potentials (ERP) did not evidence any marked differences between elderly lifelong nonsmokers and smokers. 21,22 Contrary to these negative findings, some longitudinal studies suggested smoking as an isolated predictor of cognition. A French cohort study 23 showed some benefits of smoking on attentional and visuospatial functioning, but dose effect was unavailable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Smoking and Cognitive Performance in the Community Elderly: A Longitudinal Study

Chen

Wang

et al. 2003

J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol

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This prospective study investigated the association between smoking and cognitive performance in a community of nondemented elderly subjects aged 65 or older. All subjects were categorized as current smokers, former smokers, or never smokers. The lifetime cigarette exposure was computed. At baseline, we found the abstainers from smoking had better cognitive performances; however, the differences were not significant after adjusting for age, education, hypertension, diabetes, and vascular events. The lifetime cigarette exposure was not predictive of the cognitive status. At a 3-year follow-up, neither the smoking status nor the lifetime cigarette exposure predicted the declination of cognition.

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“…Given that the paradigm used in the present study is identical to that used by Schrö ger and Wolff (1998a), we can speculate that these behavioral performance discrepancies may be specific to smokers or may reflect altered cognitive processes resulting from chronic tobacco use or acute (tobacco) abstinence-related withdrawal. Evidence for altered cognition with smoking withdrawal is substantial (Heishman et al, 1994), and although systematic research on the lasting effects of tobacco use on cognition is lacking, a few P300 studies suggest that prolonged smoking history can alter higher order processes (Anokhin et al, 2000;Knott, Harr & Mahoney, 1999). Mechanisms underlying the tone type 6 duration interaction in smokers are open to speculation, but it is possible that for smokers, who are characterized as being electroencephalographically hypoaroused during smoking abstinence (Knott & Venables, 1977), the novelty of the short deviant tones (vs. short standard tones) may have induced a phasic alertness or arousal increment that indirectly enhanced selective processes (Water & Sutton, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute nicotine fails to alter event‐related potential or behavioral performance indices of auditory distraction in cigarette smokers

Knott

Scherling

Blais

et al. 2006

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

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Behavioral studies have shown that nicotine enhances performance in sustained attention tasks, but they have not shown convincing support for the effects of nicotine on tasks requiring selective attention or attentional control under conditions of distraction. We investigated distractibility in 14 smokers (7 females) with event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and behavioral performance measures extracted from an auditory discrimination task requiring a choice reaction time response to short- and long-duration tones, both with and without embedded deviants. Nicotine gum (4 mg), administered in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover design, failed to counter deviant-elicited behavioral distraction (i.e., slower reaction times and increased response errors), and it did not influence the distracter-elicited mismatch negativity, the P300a, or the reorienting negativity ERP components reflecting acoustic change detection, involuntary attentional switching, and attentional reorienting, respectively. Results are discussed in relation to a stimulus-filter model of smoking and in relation to future research directions.

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Smoking History and Aging-Associated Cognitive Decline:An Event-Related Brain Potential Study

Cited by 16 publications

References 80 publications

Potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico em fumantes

Potenciais evocados auditivos de tronco encefálico em fumantes

Smoking and Cognitive Performance in the Community Elderly: A Longitudinal Study

Acute nicotine fails to alter event‐related potential or behavioral performance indices of auditory distraction in cigarette smokers

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