Smoking, not smoking: how important is where you live?

Abstract

The level of disadvantage of the residential neighbourhood has a unique, statistically significant influence, but not to the same degree as previously published Australian research. The effect is consistent across individual characteristics such as age and level of education for men. The effect is small and less consistent for women. Indeed, area of residence seems less important for women as a whole, suggesting differential influences according to gender.

The influence of neighbourhood disadvantage on smoking cessation and its contribution to inequalities in smoking status

“…This finding is consistent with previous research which finds that the likelihood of quitting is significantly lower among residents of disadvantaged neighbourhoods [38][39][40]. A larger body of work has investigated the relationship between neighbourhood disadvantage and smoking, and like this present study, these find that residents of disadvantaged neighbourhoods are significantly more likely to smoke after adjustment for individual-level socioeconomic factors [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Additionally, we observed widening inequalities in smoking as indicated by greater betweenneighbourhood variation in smoking rates in 2009 compared with 2007, and increased relative inequalities in smoking between residents of the least and most disadvantaged neighbourhoods.…”

“…This finding is consistent with previous research which finds that the likelihood of quitting is significantly lower among residents of disadvantaged neighbourhoods [38–40]. A larger body of work has investigated the relationship between neighbourhood disadvantage and smoking, and like this present study, these find that residents of disadvantaged neighbourhoods are significantly more likely to smoke after adjustment for individual‐level socioeconomic factors [7–20].…”

“…Some of this work shows that residents of socioeconomically disadvantaged neighbourhoods experience higher rates of morbidity and mortality for smokingrelated chronic disease [4][5][6]. A parallel literature has investigated the relationship between neighbourhood disadvantage and smoking [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], and these studies find that residents of disadvantaged neighbourhoods are significantly more likely than their advantaged counterparts to smoke. As smoking contributes sub-stantially to the burden of preventable chronic disease [21], higher smoking rates in disadvantaged neighbourhoods are probably a key reason for the poorer health profile of these areas.…”

Menthol smoking in relation to time to first cigarette and cotinine: Results from a community-based study

“…Smoking behaviors are strongly related to sociodemographics factors of individual smokers and their households such as education, income, race, sex, marital status, and age. Neighborhood characteristics such as poverty, access to cigarettes, exposure to cigarette advertisements as well as tobacco control programs also affect smoking behavior(Migliorini and Siahpush, 2006; Reid et al, 2010; Siahpush et al, 2010; Siahpush et al, 2007; Siahpush et al, 2009; Wakefield et al, 2008)(Barbeau et al, 2004)(Diez Roux et al, 2003; Duncan et al, 1999; Kandula et al, 2009; Reijneveld, 1998; Tseng et al, 2001). (Reijneveld, 2002).…”

Smoking-Related Stigma: A Public Health Tool or a Damaging Force?

“…Research that examines the social context of smoking suggests that smoking should not be viewed exclusively as an individual behavior, but should be recognized as a collective social practice (55). For instance, studies suggest that smokers find it difficult to quit when they are embedded in an environment where anti-smoking norms are weak and smoking is socially acceptable (56). Studies that have investigated the influence of social norms on smoking behaviors have found that smoking-related norms are predictors of smoking behavior across a range of countries (57)(58)(59)(60).…”