Snag densities in relation to human access and associated management factors in forests of Northeastern Oregon, USA

Bate, Lisa J.; Wisdom, Michael J.; Wales, Barbara C.

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2006.10.008

Cited by 15 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Th e removal of snags can negatively impact wildlife populations that are dependent on them as essential habitat components. In addition, our results on the snag density and human access are similar to those of Wisdom and Bate (2008) on pine and larch in the Rocky Mountains and to those of Bate et al (2007) obtained in the Northeast Oregon. found that snag density was lower in intensively managed stands and that height and DBH were greater in unmanaged stands.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Forest management and snag characteristics in Northern Iran lowland forests

Tavankar¹,

Picchio²,

Monaco³

et al. 2014

J. For. Sci.

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Some snag characteristics were studied in three different Hyrcanian lowland forests. The highest snag density (38.4 stem·ha -1 ) was found in fully protected forests, and it was significantly higher than in selectively logged (23.7 stem·ha -1 ) and open access forests (8.8 stem·ha -1 ). The snag volume, diameter and height were also significantly higher in the fully protected forests. The number of snag species was recorded in fully protected (9), selectively logged (5) and open access forests (4). The snags were more evenly distributed among diameter, height and decay classes in the fully protected forest. The larger diameter snags (> 90 cm) and snags higher than 15 m in height were not found in the open access forest. The snags of decay class 5 had a density of 6.8 stem·ha -1 in the fully protected forest, while they had a low density (1.5 stem·ha -1 ) in the selectively logged forest and they were not found in the open access forest. Target values of snags for managed lowland forests in Iran were defined in relation to management influences.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Forest management and snag characteristics in Northern Iran lowland forests

Tavankar¹,

Picchio²,

Monaco³

et al. 2014

J. For. Sci.

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“…CWD decreased significantly with an increase in human accessibility level to the stand. Bate et al [15] found similar evidence in the forests of North-eastern Oregon. Marquez-Reynoso et al [57] noticed that the main criteria determining the collection of firewood were proximity and access to stands, located in the northwest part of Chiapas, Mexico.…”

Section: Human Accessibility Classes and Cwd Amountmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The study sites (parcels) were stratified according to accessibility level on the basis of three importance factors: slope degree, slope direction (taking into account wood collection uphill or downhill) and road type [15,16], attributing each plot to a class of accessibility: easy (EAC), medium (MAC) and difficult (DAC) ( Tables 1 and 2). Data were collected from circular sample plots with an area of 0.1 ha.…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coarse Woody Debris Variability Due to Human Accessibility to Forest

Behjou

Monaco

Tavankar

et al. 2018

Forests

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Coarse woody debris (CWD) plays an important role in supporting biodiversity and assisting ecological processes. Sometimes local people intervene modifying the expected distribution of CWD components, harvested as fuel wood. The effect of the human accessibility (HA) on the volume and characteristics of CWD (snag, downed log and stump) was investigated in the natural uneven-age mixed hardwood stands of the Hyrcanian forests of Iran to quantify the impact on CWD. The HA was classified into three classes (easy, medium and difficult) on the basis of slope class, slope direction to the nearest road and road type. As expected, a negative relationship between the degree of accessibility was found with respect to the main qualitative and quantitative indices referring to CWD. The results showed that the volume of CWD decreased with an increase in human accessibility class (HAC), thus the mean volume of CWD in the difficult, medium and easy accessibility classes were 14.87 m 3 ha −1 , 8.84 m 3 ha −1 and 4.03 m 3 ha −1 , respectively. The decrease in CWD volume was more associated with the decreasing volume of small diameter of low decayed downed logs. The ratio of snag volume to standing volume, the ratio of downed log volume to the volume of trees and the ratio of CWD volume to standing volume increased with a decrease in HAC, while the ratio of downed log volume to snag volume decreased with a decrease in HAC. No selective behaviour on the botanical species of CWD was recorded. For ecological forest management, the effect of HAC on CWD should be considered. A constant supply of snags and downed logs must be preserved to assure a high level of biodiversity. To balance social needs and biodiversity requirements, an increased level of CWD retention might be needed in areas with easy accessibility. The obtained results may be useful when ecological and socio-economical needs have to be taken into consideration in future policy-making decisions.

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“…Intensive timber harvest and increased human access, however, can substantially reduce snag density (number of snags/ha) (Bate et al, 2007). Timber harvest may result in snag loss because some snags are felled for their commercial value, while others are felled to mitigate safety hazards or to reduce perceived fire or disease risk (Hann et al, 1997;Wilhere, 2001;DeLong et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%