Snapshot hyperspectral imaging: the hyperpixel array camera

Bodkin, Andrew; Sheinis, Andrew; Norton, A.; Daly, James T.; Beaven, Scott G.; Weinheimer, J.

doi:10.1117/12.818929

Cited by 43 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The camera uses an array of pinholes and a prism to acquire all wavelengths of each hypercube simultaneously at 50 hypercubes per second. The hardware for this type of camera is documented in the literature 7,8 . Raw images from the focal plane array are shown in Figure 9.…”

Section: Camera Hardware and Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the use of an infrared spectrum hyperpixel array imager to measure temperature during additive and subtractive manufacturing

et al. 2016

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Accurate non-contact temperature measurement is important to optimize manufacturing processes. This applies to both additive (3D printing) and subtractive (material removal by machining) manufacturing. Performing accurate single wavelength thermography suffers numerous challenges. A potential alternative is hyperpixel array hyperspectral imaging. Focusing on metals, this paper discusses issues involved such as unknown or changing emissivity, inaccurate greybody assumptions, motion blur, and size of source effects. The algorithm which converts measured thermal spectra to emissivity and temperature uses a customized multistep non-linear equation solver to determine the best-fit emission curve. Emissivity dependence on wavelength may be assumed uniform or have a relationship typical for metals. The custom software displays residuals for intensity, temperature, and emissivity to gauge the correctness of the greybody assumption. Initial results are shown from a laser powder-bed fusion additive process, as well as a machining process.In addition, the effects of motion blur are analyzed, which occurs in both additive and subtractive manufacturing processes. In a laser powder-bed fusion additive process, the scanning laser causes the melt pool to move rapidly, causing a motion blur-like effect. In machining, measuring temperature of the rapidly moving chip is a desirable goal to develop and validate simulations of the cutting process. A moving slit target is imaged to characterize how the measured temperature values are affected by motion of a measured target.

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Section: Camera Hardware and Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the use of an infrared spectrum hyperpixel array imager to measure temperature during additive and subtractive manufacturing

et al. 2016

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“…Bodkin Design & Engineering has extensive experience in developing high speed hyperspectral imaging systems based on the patented HPA technology. 1,2 The essential technique in the HPA hyperspectral imaging process is to sample an image of the scene being analyzed on an intermediate image plane with an array of apertures (pinholes or slits in this case). The apertures in the intermediate image plane are then re-imaged through a dispersing element, generating spectral streaks on a focal plane array (FPA) as shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

High spatial resolution LWIR hyperspectral sensor

Roberts

Bodkin

Daly

et al. 2015

Next-Generation Spectroscopic Technologies VIII

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Scene image is stepped across intermediate focal plane until all image points have fallen on one or another slit. ABSTRACTPresented is a new hyperspectral imager design based on multiple slit scanning. This represents an innovation in the classic trade-off between speed and resolution. This LWIR design has been able to produce data-cubes at 3 times the rate of conventional single slit scan devices. The instrument has a built-in radiometric and spectral calibrator.

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“…Notably, there is no single camera concept which is clearly preferable over others. This is true both for multi-and hyperspectral imaging, and many new concepts are being explored, see for example [1][2][3][4][5][6]. For applications requiring compact and low cost spectral imaging, a few camera concepts stand out by requiring only a single imaging lens and a single image sensor with no moving parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Characterization of a compact 6-band multifunctional camera based on patterned spectral filters in the focal plane

Torkildsen

Hovland

Opsahl

et al. 2014

Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XX

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In some applications of multi-or hyperspectral imaging, it is important to have a compact sensor. The most compact spectral imaging sensors are based on spectral filtering in the focal plane. For hyperspectral imaging, it has been proposed to use a "linearly variable" bandpass filter in the focal plane, combined with scanning of the field of view. As the image of a given object in the scene moves across the field of view, it is observed through parts of the filter with varying center wavelength, and a complete spectrum can be assembled. However if the radiance received from the object varies with viewing angle, or with time, then the reconstructed spectrum will be distorted. We describe a camera design where this hyperspectral functionality is traded for multispectral imaging with better spectral integrity. Spectral distortion is minimized by using a patterned filter with 6 bands arranged close together, so that a scene object is seen by each spectral band in rapid succession and with minimal change in viewing angle. The set of 6 bands is repeated 4 times so that the spectral data can be checked for internal consistency. Still the total extent of the filter in the scan direction is small. Therefore the remainder of the image sensor can be used for conventional imaging with potential for using motion tracking and 3D reconstruction to support the spectral imaging function. We show detailed characterization of the point spread function of the camera, demonstrating the importance of such characterization as a basis for image reconstruction. A simplified image reconstruction based on feature-based image coregistration is shown to yield reasonable results. Elimination of spectral artifacts due to scene motion is demonstrated.

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Snapshot hyperspectral imaging: the hyperpixel array camera

Cited by 43 publications

References 2 publications

Assessing the use of an infrared spectrum hyperpixel array imager to measure temperature during additive and subtractive manufacturing

Assessing the use of an infrared spectrum hyperpixel array imager to measure temperature during additive and subtractive manufacturing

High spatial resolution LWIR hyperspectral sensor

Characterization of a compact 6-band multifunctional camera based on patterned spectral filters in the focal plane

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