SnO2/graphene composite as highly reversible anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Wrapping SnO2 with porosity-tuned graphene as a strategy for high-rate performance in lithium battery anodes

“…As expected, the porous graphene sheets confining the SnO 2 nanoparticles provide electronic connection plus Li + shortcuts to SnO 2 , while at the same time, effectively alleviate the stresses and crushing induced by the volume changes of metallic Li x Sn phases and also by the convertible Li 2 O dispersive medium. In the case of the G/SnO 2 , it shows a charge capacity comparable to that of PG/SnO 2 at 72 mA g À1 , which indicates that the conversion reaction is also possible, as reported by many groups who synthesized graphene-SnO 2 composites [56][57][58]. The difference in capacity, however, becomes more notable under high current densities, similar to the result in Fig.…”

Synthesis of N-doped graphene/SnS composite and its electrochemical properties for lithium ion batteries

“…However, the huge volume changes of Sn-based materials during lithium ions insertion and extraction process cause the rapid capacity fading, which impedes the practical utilization of Sn-based materials as anode materials [2]. During the recent years, SnO 2 and SnO 2 -based composite have been widely investigated in various Sn-based materials [3][4][5][6][7]. In addition, SnS and SnS 2 materials have also been synthesized and exhibited good electrochemical performance as anode materials for lithium ion batteries [8][9][10].…”

“…Among various carbon materials, graphene with excellent conductivity, good chemical stability, and large surface area has been widely studied in lithium ion batteries to improve the electronic conductivity and cycling stability of the composite electrodes [4,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. In addition, graphene is an effective nanoscale block for preparation of composite materials with metal oxide or metal sulfur nanoparticles.…”

One Pot Synthesis of Pt/Graphene Composite Using Polyamidoamine/Chitosan as a Template and Its Electrocatalysis for Methanol Oxidation

“…The higher ECSA of Pt/GNs (PAMAM) and Pt/GNs (CS) are Figure 3B displays Raman spectra of Pt/GNs, Pt/GNs (CS), and Pt/GNs (PAMAM). The D band (about 1310 cm −1 ) originates from the defects in the curved graphene sheet and staging disorder, while the G band (about 1597 cm −1 ) was associated with the graphitic hexagonpinch mode [38,39]. The I D /I G intensity ratio can be used to measure the crystalline quality of graphite or graphene via different kinds of treatment, increasing with the amount of disorder for grapheme-based materials [40][41][42][43].…”