SNW1 is a prognostic biomarker in prostate cancer

Abstract

Background SNW1 is a nuclear receptor co-activator involved in splicing and transcription control, including androgen receptor signaling. Overexpression of SNW1 has been linked to adverse prognosis in different cancer types, but studies on the role of SNW1 in prostate cancer are lacking. Methods Using immunohistochemistry, we analyzed SNW1 expression in 10,310 prostate cancers in a tissue microarray (TMA) with attached clinical and molecular data. Results The comparison with normal prostate tissue revealed an up regulation of SNW1 in a subset of cancer samples. SNW1 staining was considered weak in 31.5%, moderate in 37.7% and strong in 14% of cancers. Strong SNW1 expression was markedly more frequent in prostate cancers harboring the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion (24%) than in ERG negative cancers (7%, p < 0.0001). Significant associations with Gleason grade, stage, nodal status and early biochemical recurrence were observed in the ERG negative and positive subset. Multivariable modeling revealed that the prognostic value of SNW1 up regulation was independent from the established preoperative histopathological and clinical parameters. Conclusion These results demonstrate that SNW1 overexpression is an independent prognostic marker in prostate cancer with potential clinical utility. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13000-019-0810-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

PRAME protein expression in DICER1‐related tumours

“…In pitB, there was low expression of CALR (calreticulin) and reduced expression of this gene is known to favour an oncogenic phenotype [ 55 , 56 ]. In addition, there was increased expression of several genes known to be overexpressed in various cancers, including: SNW1 (SNW domain containing 1) [ 57 ], CRABP2 (cellular retinoic acid binding protein 2) [ 58 ], and CYP26A1 (cytochrome P450 family 26 subfamily A member 1) [ 59 ]. What roles these genes might play in other DICER1‐related tumours remain to be determined.…”

Reduced anoctamin 7 (ANO7) expression is a strong and independent predictor of poor prognosis in prostate cancer

“…This is not only demonstrated by the independent prognostic value of ANO7 staining in all applied models but also by its retained prognostic impact in cancers with comparable traditional or quantitative Gleason grade. In our patient cohort, where Gleason grading has been very thoroughly performed, most prognostic molecular parameters lose their prognostic role in cancers with homogeneous morphology 27 – 29 . A strong prognostic role of ANO7 loss in PCa is also in line with earlier data from Mohsenzadegan et al 7 , 26 who reported an inverse correlation between ANO7 staining intensity and tumor stage or Gleason score.…”

Investigating the Role of Obesity in Prostate Cancer and Identifying Biomarkers for Drug Discovery: Systems Biology and Deep Learning Approaches

“…Furthermore, TF ESF1 could not only upregulate target gene TMPRSS2, known as the fusion gene, via the upregulation of TF SNW1 but also specifically upregulate miRNA MIR193A in the signaling pathway of lean PCa (see Figure 2). The overexpression of TF SNW1 participates in androgen receptor splicing and transcription control, and is regarded as a co-activator of nuclear receptors [29]. Finally, influenced by the above effects, the target gene TMPRSS2, expressing a type of transmembrane protein, is overexpressed, resulting in the carcinogenic mechanism.…”