Soapwort (Saponaria officinalis L.) Extract vs. Synthetic Surfactants—Effect on Skin-Mimetic Models

Abstract

Our skin is continuously exposed to different amphiphilic substances capable of interaction with its lipids and proteins. We describe the effect of a saponin-rich soapwort extract and of four commonly employed synthetic surfactants: sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sodium laureth sulfate (SLES), ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) on different human skin models. Two human skin cell lines were employed: normal keratinocytes (HaCaT) and human melanoma cells (A375). The liposomes consisting of a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol mixture in a molar ratio of 7:3, mimicking the cell membrane of keratinocytes and melanoma cells were employed as the second model. Using dynamic light scattering (DLS), the particle size distribution of liposomes was analyzed before and after contact with the tested (bio)surfactants. The results, supplemented by the protein solubilization tests (albumin denaturation test, zein test) and oil emulsification capacity (using olive oil and engine oil), showed that the soapwort extract affects the skin models to a clearly different extent than any of the tested synthetic surfactants. Its protein and lipid solubilizing potential are much smaller than for the three anionic surfactants (SLS, ALS, SLES). In terms of protein solubilization potential, the soapwort extract is comparable to CAPB, which, however, is much harsher to lipids.

Kajian Tingkat Iritasi Surfaktan Berdasarkan Nilai Zein pada Sediaan Body Wash

“…Tes zein terdiri dari penentuan nitrogen yang ada dalam larutan menggunakan metode Kjeldahl yang merupakan dasar penentuan apa yang disebut bilangan zein yang kemudian dinyatakan dalam milligram zein terlarut per milimeter larutan uji. Pada metode ini ditunjukkan semakin banyak zein yang terlarut maka semakin banyak protein yang mendenaturasi dan potensi iritasi kulit juga tinggi [15,16]. Penulisan artikel review ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi tentang kemampuan surfaktan dalam membersihkan kotoran di permukaan kulit dan juga mengetahui tingkat iritasi surfaktan berdasarkan nilai zein pada formulasi sediaan body wash…”

Evaluation of the Antitumor Activity of Quaternary Ammonium Surfactants

“…Liposomes are non-toxic and biocompatible, with many advantages, such as the ability to carry hydrophilic and lipophilic agents [20]. Additionally, other synthetic surfactants such as ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) showed cytotoxic properties in an MTT assay on A375 cells [26]. The use of liposome formulations increases the bioavailability of potential drugs and reduces their toxicity toward normal and cancer cells [27].…”

Development and stability of intimate soap formulations using Sapindus saponaria L. extract as a natural surfactant

“…have a hydrophilic portion and a hydrophobic portion (Felipe and Dias, 2016) and despite the different classes, anionic surfactants are the most used, due to their detergency and cleaning potential, while cationic, amphoteric, and non-ionic are used as secondary surfactants for foam stabilization and maintenance of skin hydration (Jurek et al, 2021).…”