Sobering up: A quantitative review of temporal declines in expectations.

Sweeny, Kate; Križan, Zlatan

doi:10.1037/a0029951

Cited by 63 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(213 reference statements)

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“…M. Taylor & Shepperd, 1998). A recent meta-analysis confirmed the robustness of this temporal trajectory in a variety of domains including graduate school admissions, public presentations, trivia games, interviews, and attractiveness ratings (Sweeny & Krizan, 2013).…”

Section: Fluctuations Across Waiting Periodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Mapping individual differences in the experience of a waiting period.

Sweeny¹,

Andrews²

2014

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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100

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Waiting for uncertain news, such as the outcome of a job interview or medical test, is a ubiquitous and difficult but little studied experience. We conducted a longitudinal examination, guided by the predictions of the uncertainty navigation model (Sweeny & Cavanaugh, 2012), to examine broad trends and individual differences in experiences during a consequential waiting period. Fifty students preparing for the California bar exam completed questionnaires at 6 time points: shortly before and after the exam, at 2 intermediate time points during the 4-month waiting period, and immediately before and after learning whether they passed. We identified key individual differences in the overall experience of a waiting period, such that dispositional optimists reported lower levels of anxiety and rumination on average, and defensive pessimists and people uncomfortable with uncertainty reported higher levels. Longitudinal growth curve modeling analyses suggested that waiting is most difficult at the start and end of a waiting period, although people maintained hope and optimism throughout the wait. These temporal trends were generally robust, although some individual differences emerged. These findings provide the first evidence regarding when and for whom waiting periods are most difficult and thus can serve as the basis for future investigations of waiting experiences.

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Section: Fluctuations Across Waiting Periodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Mapping individual differences in the experience of a waiting period.

Sweeny¹,

Andrews²

2014

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Self Cite

100

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“…Third, one of the strongest moderators of desirability bias is feedback proximity (Sweeny & Krizan, 2013). For example, students are optimistic about future grades at the semester start but increasingly pessimistic immediately before receiving their grades (Shepperd, Ouellette, & Fernandez, 1996).…”

Section: Related Accountsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Strength of affective reaction as a signal to think carefully

Lench

Bench

2014

Cognition and Emotion

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Analytic processes reduce biases, but it is not known how or when these processes will be deployed. Based on an affective signal hypothesis, relatively strong affective reactions were expected to result in increased analytic processing and reduced bias in judgement. The valence and strength of affective reactions were manipulated through varying outcomes in a game or evaluative conditioning of a stimulus. Relatively strong positive or negative affective reactions resulted in less desirability bias. Bias reduction only occurred if participants had time to deploy analytic processes and indicators of the degree of analytic processing (in the form of attentional control) predicted less bias. Affective processes have long been acknowledged as a source of bias, but these findings suggest affective processes are also integral to bias reduction.

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“…Sin embargo, no hay consenso en cuanto a su definición (11) . Según Ayers (12) , la expectativa de parto es una construcción compleja y multidimensional que implica muchos aspectos del parto, y en este contexto cabría definirla, en relación al parto, como los "juicios y creencias sobre el futuro que pueden estar influidas por situaciones pasadas" (13) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Expectativas de parto de las gestantes de La Ribera: una aproximación cualitativa

Morell

Martín

2017

eglobal

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Objetivo: El cambio de modelo asistencial en la atención al parto normal, el interés por parte de las autoridades sanitarias en que se exploren las expectativas de parto de las gestantes, y su especificidad cultural y social, hacen que el estudio de tales expectativas sea pertinente en este momento. El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer cuáles son las expectativas de parto de una muestra de gestantes españolas y estudiar las diferencias entre las expectativas de las gestantes primíparas y multíparas. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo basado en una pregunta de respuesta libre sobre expectativas de parto. Se recogieron datos a gestantes de tercer trimestre del área de salud de La Ribera (Alzira, Valencia) durante 2014-2015. Se analizaron los datos mediante análisis del contenido. Resultados: Muestra de 213 gestantes cuyas principales expectativas de parto fueron tener un parto rápido, con buen resultado obstétrico, sin dolor y con apoyo de los profesionales. Las expectativas relacionadas con los protocolos de atención al parto normal supusieron un 5.2% del total de las respuestas. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre gestantes primíparas y multíparas. Conclusiones: El conocimiento de las expectativas resulta importante, ya que las gestantes miden su satisfacción con el parto en base al cumplimiento de tales expectativas. Ayudarlas a desarrollar expectativas realistas aumentará su satisfacción. Las matronas tienen un importante papel a través de la formación que imparten (educación maternal) y del apoyo en el momento del parto (fundamental para que las gestantes se sientan protagonistas del mismo). : Palabras clave: expectativas de parto; investigación cualitativa; embarazo; matronas. ABSTRACT:Objective: Change of healthcare model in normal childbirth, health authorities interest in exploring childbirth expectations of pregnant women, and their cultural and social specificity make relevant the study of these expectations at this moment. The aim is to know what are the childbirth expectations

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Sobering up: A quantitative review of temporal declines in expectations.

Cited by 63 publications

References 121 publications

Mapping individual differences in the experience of a waiting period.

Mapping individual differences in the experience of a waiting period.

Strength of affective reaction as a signal to think carefully

Expectativas de parto de las gestantes de La Ribera: una aproximación cualitativa

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