Social and paralinguistic cues to sarcasm

Caucci, Gina M.; Kreuz, Roger J.

doi:10.1515/humor-2012-0001

Cited by 96 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, in psycholinguistics, eye gaze acts as a paralinguistic cue, adding information to the meaning of an utterance. For example, when conveying a sarcastic response, characteristic eye movement patterns (such as eye rolls) are observed (Caucci & Kreuz, 2012). …”

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confidence: 99%

Human classifier: Observers can deduce task solely from eye movements

Bahle

Mills²,

Dodd³

2017

Atten Percept Psychophys

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Computer classifiers have been successful at classifying various tasks using eye movement statistics. However, the question of human classification of task from eye movements has rarely been studied. Across two experiments, we examined whether humans could classify task based solely on the eye movements of other individuals. In Experiment 1, human classifiers were shown one of three sets of eye movements: Fixations, which were displayed as blue circles, with larger circles meaning longer fixation durations; Scanpaths, which were displayed as yellow arrows; and Videos, in which a neon green dot moved around the screen. There was an additional Scene manipulation in which eye movement properties were displayed either on the original scene where the task (Search, Memory, or Rating) was performed or on a black background in which no scene information was available. Experiment 2 used similar methods but only displayed Fixations and Videos with the same Scene manipulation. The results of both experiments showed successful classification of Search. Interestingly, Search was best classified in the absence of the original scene, particularly in the Fixation condition. Memory also was classified above chance with the strongest classification occurring with Videos in the presence of the scene. Additional analyses on the pattern of correct responses in these two conditions demonstrated which eye movement properties successful classifiers were using. These findings demonstrate conditions under which humans can extract information from eye movement characteristics in addition to providing insight into the relative success/failure of previous computer classifiers.

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confidence: 99%

Human classifier: Observers can deduce task solely from eye movements

Bahle

Mills²,

Dodd³

2017

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…(It should be noted, however, that speakers can use many other cues, such as tone of voice, to signal sarcastic intent, but such cues are beyond the scope of this article. For reviews of research on these other cues, see Kreuz & Caucci [2009] & Kreuz [2012].) We limited our examination to theoretically interesting and empirically supported pragmatic notions about sarcasm that may be tied to specific word-level features.…”

Section: Kovaz Kreuz Riordanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinguishing Sarcasm From Literal Language: Evidence From Books and Blogging

Kovaz

Kreuz

Riordan

2013

Discourse Processes

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Sarcasm production and comprehension have been traditionally described in terms of pragmatic factors. Lexical cues have received less attention, but they may be important potential indicators. A major obstacle to examining such features is determining sarcastic intent. One solution is to analyze statements explicitly marked as being sarcastic. This study examined Twitter postings marked with #sarcasm as well as dialog from Google Books containing the phrase "said sarcastically." We used word counting and part-of-speech tagging to compare specific lexical features of the explicitly-marked sarcastic statements to statements by the same author not marked as sarcastic. Our results broadly support the Lexical Cues Hypothesis-certain word-level cues, such as interjections and positive affect terms, are stereotypic of sarcasm. A model incorporating these features performed comparably to human raters in making sarcastic versus nonsarcastic judgments. This finding shows promise for future work toward automatically identifying sarcasm in text.

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“…Deze resultaten sluiten ook aan bij ander multimodaal onderzoek dat laat zien dat non-verbaal gedrag in face-to-face situaties, zoals gezichtsuitdrukkingen die niet bij de letterlijke evaluatie van de ironie passen, visuele cues kunnen zijn om ironie te herkennen (bv. Attardo, Eisterhold, Hay & Poggi, 2003;Caucci & Kreuz, 2012;Rockwell, 2001).…”

Section: Markeerders Uit De Visuele Co-tekstunclassified

“…Pexman & Zvaigzne, 2004). Vrienden gebruiken ook meer ironiemarkeerders dan mensen die elkaar niet kennen (Caucci & Kreuz, 2012). Daarnaast wordt ironie ook beter begrepen als spreker en ontvanger dezelfde culturele achtergrond hebben (bv.…”

Section: Kenmerken Van De Communicatieve Situatieunclassified

Het ironisch spectrum - Een overzicht van onderzoek naar het begrip en de retorische effecten van verbale ironie

Burgers¹,

Mulken²

2013

Tijdschrift Voor Taalbeheersing

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Verbal irony has been studied in various academic disciplines such as linguistics, pragmatics, communication science and social psychology. However, due to the multidisciplinarity of the respective fields, each of these disciplines has developed its own irony literature. This paper discusses the current state of affairs of research into comprehension and rhetorical effects of verbal irony, with an emphasis on pragmatic aspects of irony. We propose our model of the ironic spectrum based on predictors related to (1) the formulation of the ironic utterance, (2) the co-text of the ironic utterance and (3) the context of the ironic utterance. This model integrates linguistic, pragmatic, communication-scientific and social-psychological evidence on the comprehension and effectiveness of verbal irony.

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Social and paralinguistic cues to sarcasm

Cited by 96 publications

References 21 publications

Human classifier: Observers can deduce task solely from eye movements

Human classifier: Observers can deduce task solely from eye movements

Distinguishing Sarcasm From Literal Language: Evidence From Books and Blogging

Het ironisch spectrum - Een overzicht van onderzoek naar het begrip en de retorische effecten van verbale ironie

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