Social and Spiritual Dimensions as Protective Factors in the Relationship between Acculturative Stress and Subjective Well-Being among International Students in Taiwan

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to use the resilience model in investigating the selected factors that reduce acculturative stress and promote well-being among international students in Taiwan. Research has indicated that acculturative stress has been identified as a major issue experienced by many international students in various host countries, resulting in an increase in mental illness and decrease in well-being. A few international studies suggested that factors such as social support and coping strategies mitigated the effects of acculturative stress on negative emotions. In the absence of such studies and as the international student population continues to increase in Taiwan, this project examined the role of social connectedness, social assurance, and spiritual well-being as potential mediators or protective factors in the relationship between acculturative stress and subjective well-being (positive affect and satisfaction with life) in a sample of international students. Data from 214 participants were subjected to regression analyses to analyze for mediation effects. The results indicated significant effects of social connectedness and spiritual well-being on subjective well-being. Of the two significant mediators, social connectedness emerged as a stronger mediator, accounting for 53% and 55% of the mediation effect on positive affect and satisfaction with life, respectively. Spiritual well-being accounted for 7% and 4% of the variance, respectively. These results validate the resilient and positive psychology model, in which the resilience part evades pathological signs when individuals are exposed to stressors, while the positive aspect promotes subjective well-being. These results are discussed in detail and the implication of such results for building appropriate social and spiritual resources and designing interventions are elucidated.

Grief Due to Loss of Significant Others: The Role of Social Support, Spiritual Intelligence and Wellbeing-Life Satisfaction

“…Thus, a strategy to increase social support, spiritual intelligence and wellbeing-life satisfaction is important, so that grief is not prolonged. This result is in line with the study conducted by Duan et al (2019), Aoun et al (2020), Shin and Park (2022), Çakar (2020), Cacciatore et al (2021), Sun et al (2024), Wallace et al(2020), Alrashidi et al (2022), Edara (2018), Neimeyer (2016), andZhang et al (2014). This is thought to be because in Javanese culture social life, religious life appreciation and wellbeing-life satisfaction are important values that people live by everyday.…”