Social Capital, Networks and Ethnic Minority Entrepreneurs: Transnational Entrepreneurship and Bootstrap Capitalism

Menzies, Teresa V.; Brenner, Gabrielle A.; Filion, Louis Jacques

doi:10.4337/9781843767084.00016

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The main variable representing human capital here is (a) level of education (Greene 2000), since work experience of ethnic groups might bias the results; 10 (b) Length of stay (Portes, Haller, and Guarnizo 2002;Hiebert and Ley 2003;Robinson 2005); (c) gender (1 -men, 2 -women) (Green and Cohen 1995;Shane 2000); (d) age; (e) residence in a predominantly co-ethnic neighbourhood representing the co-ethnicity and, mainly, location-bounded self-employment (Kloosterman, van der Leun, and Rath 1999;Salaff et al 2003); and (f) sector of the entrepreneurial business -retail, services or manufacturing (Lo et al 2001;Menzies, Brenner, and Filion 2003) -are also included as all are important indicators for both transnational networking and business performance.…”

Section: Human Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transnational networking is becoming more the rule than the exception in the present era of globalization (Levitt 2001); it is associated with the performance of entrepreneurial businesses, and since entrepreneurship is a culture-based phenomenon, it has a strong impact on ethnic businesses in particular (Zimmer and Aldrich 1987;Aldrich and Waldinger 1990;Menzies, Brenner, and Filion 2003;Wong and Ho 2004;Robinson 2005). However, some entrepreneurial valuescollectivism versus individualism, tolerance for uncertainty and ambiguity, for example -may not be pervasive or may have limited applicability among certain ethnic groups relative to others (Hofstede 1980(Hofstede , 1991Hofstede and Bond 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transnational networking and business performance: Ethnic entrepreneurs in Canada

Kariv

Menzies

Brenner

et al. 2009

Entrepreneurship & Regional Development

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109

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It is generally acknowledged that transnational networking plays an important role in promoting the performance of ethnic entrepreneurial firms. Yet distinctions between the different types of transnational networking and their effects on business performance have received scant attention in the literature, probably because ethnicity has been considered to be the main actor in the networking-performance relationship. This paper argues that one of the reasons why business performance differs across ethnic entrepreneurial firms is that ethnic entrepreneurs engage in dissimilar types of transnational networking. Analyses of the data generated by 720 ethnic entrepreneurs in Canada revealed that ethnicity, along with human capital and push/pull factors, both of which are part of our conceptual framework, plays a central role in the engagement of different types of transnational networking and that the different types of transnational networking affect business turnover (sales) and business survival (age). Push/pull factors were found to play a marginal role in business performance. These results highlight the competitive market that immigrants and members of ethnic minority groups encounter in the hosting economy and stress the value of transnational networking.

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Section: Human Capitalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transnational networking and business performance: Ethnic entrepreneurs in Canada

Kariv

Menzies

Brenner

et al. 2009

Entrepreneurship & Regional Development

Self Cite

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Woolcock (1998) claimed, therefore, that the entrepreneurs' reliance on their own migrant group and its related network is both developmental and destructive. According to Menzies et al. (2003), an orientation on their own group is actually mainly a short‐term benefit to migrant entrepreneurs.…”

Section: Migrants In Businessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant Entrepreneurship and New Urban Economic Opportunities: Identification of Critical Success Factors by Means of Qualitative Pattern Recognition Analysis

Nijkamp¹,

Sahin²,

Baycan-Levent³

2010

Tijd voor Econ & Soc Geog

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In recent years, entrepreneurship among migrant minorities has increased significantly in the Netherlands. This paper addresses the key factors determining the economic position of migrant entrepreneurs in the urban economy in the Netherlands, with an application to Amsterdam. So far, little information on success conditions for migrant entrepreneurship is available, while quantitative knowledge on critical success factors (CSFs) is lagging far behind the rapid growth of migrant entrepreneurs in big cities like Amsterdam. The present study serves to fill this knowledge gap, by paying attention to the entrepreneurial behaviour of migrants, the role of their social networks, and the innovative potential of new growth markets in a modern city. In order to provide a solid assessment of CSFs for migrant entrepreneurs, and to understand business performance in a competitive urban environment, this study will investigate the entrepreneurial behaviour of migrants in Dutch cities from a micro-economic perspective. Due insight into individual entrepreneurial behaviour of migrants is needed to develop an urban business culture in which migrants are no longer a source of problems but of great socio-economic opportunities, both for the migrant groups concerned and the vitality of cities. Our research employs a comparative statistical analysis of empirical findings in the city of Amsterdam in order to map out opportunities, success conditions and bottlenecks for migrant entrepreneurs. Given our largely categorical (i.e. qualitative or soft) database, we will employ a qualitative causal pattern recognition technique, namely, rough set analysis, to systematically assess the conditions for successful entrepreneurship of migrants. Copyright (c) 2009 by the Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG.

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“…It is a widely accepted assumption that the presence of dense ethnic networks positively influences the self-employment propensity for immigrant groups (Camarota 2000). As in the US, Canadian research also tends to be appreciative of the role of ethnic networks in self-employment strategies (Menzies et al 2003). Only a recent study by Ley (2006) provides substantial evidence that overt reliance on ethnic resources leads to participation in the ethnic enclave economy, which in turn draws a penalty on business performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Social Capital and the Myth of Minority Self-Employment: Evidence from Canada

Nakhaie¹,

Lin²,

Guan³

2009

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

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Social Capital, Networks and Ethnic Minority Entrepreneurs: Transnational Entrepreneurship and Bootstrap Capitalism

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Transnational networking and business performance: Ethnic entrepreneurs in Canada

Transnational networking and business performance: Ethnic entrepreneurs in Canada

Migrant Entrepreneurship and New Urban Economic Opportunities: Identification of Critical Success Factors by Means of Qualitative Pattern Recognition Analysis

Social Capital and the Myth of Minority Self-Employment: Evidence from Canada

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