Social stress-induced hypothyroidism is attenuated by antidepressant treatment in rats

Investigation on Serum Hormonal Parameters (Ghrelin, Corticosterone, Insulin, T3 and T4) in Chronic Mild Stress Rat Model of Depression

“…In present study, T 3 level remained unchanged following CMS protocol, which was unlike to Baumgartner et al [33] reports in major depression (decreased T 3 ). In Olivares et al [35] study, animals had decreased T 4 level and transient hypothyroidism following social stress protocol. Findings of present study (Table 2) conducted with CMS protocol was in agreement with Olivares et al [35] .…”

“…In Olivares et al [35] study, animals had decreased T 4 level and transient hypothyroidism following social stress protocol. Findings of present study (Table 2) conducted with CMS protocol was in agreement with Olivares et al [35] . It seems that T 4 decreases in CMS animals (Table 2) were in related to serotonin losses, minor energy intake and subsequent declines in basal metabolism.…”

“…It is indicated that decreases in T 3 in major depression cases may be because of secondary effect of depression such as starvation, swoon and anti-depressant drugs [34] . But T 4 level can be change due to depression or environmental stresses [35] . In an idea [36] , loss of serotonin was announced as main cause of change in thyroid activity.…”

Re: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in children born to mothers with thyroid dysfunction: a Danish nationwide cohort study

“…Considering the specific studies cited by Keith Fluegge, Olivares et al measured serum thyroxine (T4) in rats and observed a decrease in serum T4 after 1 and 4 weeks of exposure to stress, which was modified by fluoxetine treatment. 3 The variation observed is likely to be secondary to hypothalamic changes in the regulation of thyroid function, which is different from the chronic autoimmune primary thyroid insufficiency that is the main cause of hypothyroidism in humans. The other study mentioned by Keith Fluegge was performed by Oyama et al in 1969.…”

“…2 In that correspondence, the author explained how early gestational N 2 O exposure could explain the positive association found between maternal antidepressant use in the second and third trimesters and ASD. Interestingly, Olivares et al 3 found that signs of hypothyroidism were reversed upon antidepressant use. The authors reported the following: 'Antidepressant study revealed that fluoxetine treatment (10 mg/kg po during four weeks) fully reversed stress-induced behavior and normalized serum T4.…”