Socio-economic conditions for the development of human capital in rural areas

Abstract

Abstract. Agricultural regions of the Russian Federation, whose strategic economic sector is agriculture, have significant opportunities for economic growth and development. They are highly important for ensuring the country's food security and depend significantly on the state of human capital of their rural territories. In this regard, the research objective of this study is to analyze the socio-economic conditions for the formation and development of human capital in rural areas of the Kurgan region (as a traditional agricultural region of the Ural Federal District and one of the ten depressed regions of the Russian Federation identified as such by the Government of the Russian Federation). Results. The article presents the results of assessing the level of development of the agricultural sector of the economy and the state of the social infrastructure of the region as the most important conditions for the formation of human capital accumulated within its territory. On the basis of theoretical generalizations, a rigorous analysis of statistical data, results of the surveys it was offered summarized information, indicating that (1) the economic conditions for the development of rural areas favor the formation and development of human capital of the required quality due to the current positive trends in the field of specialization of production, its technical equipment, technological innovation, stimulating state policy, (2) in the village there is a low level of development of social infrastructure, leading in turn low attractiveness of rural areas for highly professional, educated, creative professionals who are the basis of human capital in any field of activity. Scientific novelty. The results obtained in this research have theoretical novelty and practical value, including: 1) justification of the importance of creating a decent socio-economic environment for the development of remote territories; 2) conclusions confirming the need to provide special conditions for attracting unique specialists to rural areas; 3) arguments for stimulating convergence processes necessity in the levels of socio-economic development of all rural territories.

Education Is an Important Factor of Human Capital Development in Rural Territories

“…At the same time, under market conditions (when supply and demand must be balanced by the price mechanism) the disproportions are becoming more acute, and the theoretical algorithm of the classical market in this segment (labour market) shows high inertness and «sluggishness». As a result, the level of education is not always correlated with income, and the economy faces both unemployment and lack of specialists in certain professions (categories), which is caused (besides demographic processes) either by insufficient education (low level of formed competencies) or its excessiveness (unclaimed unique knowledge and other human capital attributes) [7]. As for the problem of labour shortage, some scholars link it to such negative circumstances as (1) population ageing in many (especially developed) countries, (2) lower growth rate of working-age population, (3) onset of certain phases of business cycle (revival, recovery), when rapidly growing economy requires an adequate expansion of labour force, (4) transition of scientific and technological progress to a fundamentally new quality, which requires appropriate features of human capital, (5) formation of a new (under the influence of various challenges) economic structure, with which the existing composition of human capital enters into a noticeable resonance [8].…”

Sustainable development in the Russian regions

“…There is an increase in the attention of researchers to the problems of sustainable development of territories [2][3][4], especially the problems of urban development [5][6][7] or rural areas [8][9], as well as problems of the quality of life of citizens and environmental development [10][11], development human capital [12][13]. In this article, the problems of achieving the SDGs are considered in the context of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in order to assess both the degree of uneven development and identify problems associated with the use of indicators given in Russian statistics.…”