Socio-Economic Impacts and Challenges of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19): An Updated Review

Delardas, Orestis; Kechagias, Konstantinos S.; Pontikos, Pantelis N.; Giannos, Panagiotis

doi:10.3390/su14159699

Cited by 93 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…COVID‐19 is a global public health crisis with severe disruption to health care and socioeconomical systems. 19 Vaccination is an important tool to prevent COVID‐19 infection and was approved emergently to tackle this crisis. 3 Patients with AIIRDs are immunocompromised and have a higher risk of experiencing worse outcomes from COVID‐19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varicella zoster virus reactivation following COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: A cross‐sectional Chinese study of 318 cases

Chen

Tian

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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Recently, varicella‐zoster virus (VZV) reactivation has been observed after the administration of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines. Autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases (AIIRDs) patients are at a higher risk for VZV reactivation for immunocompromised status. The study aimed to investigate the adverse events (AEs), especially VZV reactivation, following vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 in a Chinese cohort of AIIRD patients. A cross‐sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted among AIIRD patients and healthy controls (HCs). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify potential factors associated with VZV reactivation. 318 AIIRD patients and 318 age and sex‐matched HCs who got COVID‐19 inactivated vaccines were recruited. The main AIIRDs are rheumatoid arthritis (31.8%) and systemic lupus erythematous (23.9%). Most of patients (85.5%) had stable disease and 13.2% of them had aggravation after vaccination. Compared to HCs, patients had higher rates of rash (p = 0.001), arthralgia (p < 0.001) and insomnia (p = 0.007). In addition, there were 6 (1.9%) AIIRD patients and 5 (1.6%) HCs reported VZV reactivation after the COVID‐19 vaccination (p = 0.761). Multivariate logistic regression analysis illustrated that diabetes mellitus (odd ratio [OR], 20.69; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08−396.79; p = 0.044), chronic hepatitis B virus infection (OR, 24.34; 95% CI, 1.27−466.74; p = 0.034), and mycophenolate mofetil (OR, 40.61; 95% CI, 3.33−496.15; p = 0.004) independently identified patients with VZV reactivation. Our findings showed that the inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination was safe for AIIRD patients though some patients could suffer from VZV reactivation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Varicella zoster virus reactivation following COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: A cross‐sectional Chinese study of 318 cases

Chen

Tian

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…However, in terms of evaluation frameworks, the abundant literature that has been produced to assess the impacts of the pandemic has generally focused on specific aspects. Many studies have put the socio-economic consequences under the spotlight [40][41][42]. Other studies have consider other major aspects such as air passenger traffic [43], tourism [44], and work organization models [45], among others.…”

Section: Plos Global Public Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proactive vs. reactive country responses to the COVID-19 pandemic shock

Sacco

Valle

Domenico

2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

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The infection caused by SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is characterized by an infectious period with either asymptomatic or pre-symptomatic phases, leading to a rapid surge of mild and severe cases putting national health systems under serious stress. To avoid their collapse, and in the absence of pharmacological treatments, during the early pandemic phase countries worldwide were forced to adopt strategies, from elimination to mitigation, based on non-pharmacological interventions which, in turn, overloaded social, educational and economic systems. To date, the heterogeneity and incompleteness of data sources does not allow to quantify the multifaceted impact of the pandemic at country level and, consequently, to compare the effectiveness of country responses. Here, we tackle this challenge from a complex systems perspective, proposing a model to evaluate the impact of systemic failures in response to the pandemic shock. We use health, behavioral and economic indicators for 44 countries to build a shock index quantifying responses in terms of robustness and resilience, highlighting the crucial advantage of proactive policy and decision making styles over reactive ones, which can be game-changing during the emerging of a new variant of concern.

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“…Significant reductions in the utilization of healthcare services were reported in the first half of 2020 worldwide. Doctor’s visits fell by 42% while admissions, diagnostics, and therapeutics dropped by 28%, 31%, and 30%, respectively [ 96 ].…”

Section: Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Impact and Long-Term Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Iraqi Healthcare Systems: A Case Study

Janabi

Chung

2022

Epidemiologia

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Decades of wars, sanctions, and internal conflicts have compromised Iraq’s health system, which once was the best system in the region. National and international efforts to revitalize the system have been successful to some extent; however, significant challenges still exist. The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed new vulnerabilities and exacerbated the existing ones, affecting the quality and the quantity of the health services delivered. This case study explored the baseline function of Iraq’s health system within the context of the World Health Organization (WHO) health system framework. The paper also examined the country’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic and some of its impacts. Results show that the system was not functioning optimally nor was it prepared to address the immediate impact of the current pandemic and other emerging public health issues. While mitigating the pandemic’s short-term and long-term impacts are essential, it should not divert the focus from restructuring and strengthening the health system. Iraq may need to prioritize the health information system and leadership/governance as they provide the basis for health policies and regulations for all other health system building blocks.

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Socio-Economic Impacts and Challenges of the Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19): An Updated Review

Cited by 93 publications

References 43 publications

Varicella zoster virus reactivation following COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: A cross‐sectional Chinese study of 318 cases

Varicella zoster virus reactivation following COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases: A cross‐sectional Chinese study of 318 cases

Proactive vs. reactive country responses to the COVID-19 pandemic shock

Current Impact and Long-Term Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Iraqi Healthcare Systems: A Case Study

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