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Цель работы – выявить природу причинно-следственной связи между характеристиками дефицитарного страха и показателями актуального самовосприятия. В рамках эмпирического исследования студентов, находящихся в условиях самоизоляции в период пандемии COVID-19, проведен анализ с использованием авторского метода зависимостей дефицитарного страха от компонент актуального самовосприятия на предмет линейности-нелинейности и сделан вывод о нелинейной природе этих зависимостей. Все линейные корреляции между показателями дефицитарного страха и компонентами актуального самовосприятия не превышают по модулю 0,25, т. е. они крайне слабые, и говорить о поставленной проблеме с позиции линейных моделей неприемлемо. Чтобы понять природу дефицитарного страха, необходимо уходить от линейных моделей. Для двух показателей дефицитарного страха и 26 показателей актуального самовосприятия в рамках модели для кварт независимой переменной было выявлено пять сильных простейших нелинейных зависимостей, демонстрирующих ошибку 1-го типа, когда корреляция крайне мала, меньше по модулю даже порога значимых значений (0,17), а потому связи нет в рамках линейной модели корреляционного анализа. Одна зависимость демонстрирует ошибку 2-го типа, когда сильная нелинейная зависимость в рамках линейной модели сторонниками значимой корреляции будет рассматриваться как значимая линейная связь (очень слабый коэффициент корреляции –0,18 превосходит по модулю порог (0,17) значимости). Выход за рамки линейных моделей дает принципиально новую информацию об изучаемом феномене дефицитарного страха, а линейные модели в данном случае неприемлемы, они только могут крайне исказить результаты и натолкнуть на ошибочные выводы и интерпретации. Aim: to reveal the nature of the causal relationship between the characteristics of Deficient fear and indicators of actual self-perception. As part of an empirical study of students in self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, an analysis was made using the author’s method of Deficient fear dependencies on the components of actual self-perception for linearity-nonlinearity, and a conclusion was made about the nonlinear nature of these dependencies. All linear correlations between indicators of deficient fear and components of actual self-perception do not exceed 0.25 in modulus, i.e. they are extremely weak, and it is unacceptable to speak about the problem posed from the standpoint of linear models. For two indicators of deficient fear and 26 indicators of actual self-perception, within the framework of the model for quarts of an independent variable, five strong simplest non-linear dependencies were identified, demonstrating a type 1 error, when the correlation is extremely small, even less than the threshold of “significant” values (0.17), and therefore there is no connection within the framework of the linear model of correlation analysis. One dependence demonstrates a type 2 error, when a strong non-linear dependence in the framework of a linear model will be considered by supporters of a “significant” correlation as a “significant” linear relationship (a very weak correlation coefficient of –0.18 exceeds the threshold (0.17) of “significance” in absolute value). Going beyond linear models gives fundamentally new information about the phenomenon of deficient fear under study. The article provides detailed descriptions and interpretations of two of the six found strong dependencies (the rest are presented in the tables), visual graphical representations are considered, as well as their most probable estimates in the traditional approach.
Цель работы – выявить природу причинно-следственной связи между характеристиками дефицитарного страха и показателями актуального самовосприятия. В рамках эмпирического исследования студентов, находящихся в условиях самоизоляции в период пандемии COVID-19, проведен анализ с использованием авторского метода зависимостей дефицитарного страха от компонент актуального самовосприятия на предмет линейности-нелинейности и сделан вывод о нелинейной природе этих зависимостей. Все линейные корреляции между показателями дефицитарного страха и компонентами актуального самовосприятия не превышают по модулю 0,25, т. е. они крайне слабые, и говорить о поставленной проблеме с позиции линейных моделей неприемлемо. Чтобы понять природу дефицитарного страха, необходимо уходить от линейных моделей. Для двух показателей дефицитарного страха и 26 показателей актуального самовосприятия в рамках модели для кварт независимой переменной было выявлено пять сильных простейших нелинейных зависимостей, демонстрирующих ошибку 1-го типа, когда корреляция крайне мала, меньше по модулю даже порога значимых значений (0,17), а потому связи нет в рамках линейной модели корреляционного анализа. Одна зависимость демонстрирует ошибку 2-го типа, когда сильная нелинейная зависимость в рамках линейной модели сторонниками значимой корреляции будет рассматриваться как значимая линейная связь (очень слабый коэффициент корреляции –0,18 превосходит по модулю порог (0,17) значимости). Выход за рамки линейных моделей дает принципиально новую информацию об изучаемом феномене дефицитарного страха, а линейные модели в данном случае неприемлемы, они только могут крайне исказить результаты и натолкнуть на ошибочные выводы и интерпретации. Aim: to reveal the nature of the causal relationship between the characteristics of Deficient fear and indicators of actual self-perception. As part of an empirical study of students in self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic, an analysis was made using the author’s method of Deficient fear dependencies on the components of actual self-perception for linearity-nonlinearity, and a conclusion was made about the nonlinear nature of these dependencies. All linear correlations between indicators of deficient fear and components of actual self-perception do not exceed 0.25 in modulus, i.e. they are extremely weak, and it is unacceptable to speak about the problem posed from the standpoint of linear models. For two indicators of deficient fear and 26 indicators of actual self-perception, within the framework of the model for quarts of an independent variable, five strong simplest non-linear dependencies were identified, demonstrating a type 1 error, when the correlation is extremely small, even less than the threshold of “significant” values (0.17), and therefore there is no connection within the framework of the linear model of correlation analysis. One dependence demonstrates a type 2 error, when a strong non-linear dependence in the framework of a linear model will be considered by supporters of a “significant” correlation as a “significant” linear relationship (a very weak correlation coefficient of –0.18 exceeds the threshold (0.17) of “significance” in absolute value). Going beyond linear models gives fundamentally new information about the phenomenon of deficient fear under study. The article provides detailed descriptions and interpretations of two of the six found strong dependencies (the rest are presented in the tables), visual graphical representations are considered, as well as their most probable estimates in the traditional approach.
Currently, a student who simultaneously receives a higher education and works somewhere is becoming quite commonplace. Moreover, the tendency to combine study and work is characteristic of the whole world. Secondary employment allows students not only to improve their financial situation, become financially independent from their parents, but also to acquire a number of communicative and professional competencies that can be successfully applied in the future. Moreover, the practice of secondary employment allows you to form a certain work experience, which can be an advantage in employment after graduation. The phenomenon of secondary employment of a student is difficult to assess unambiguously, on the one hand, there is an accelerated professional socialization of an individual, his rapid inclusion in a new social reality, into which a young person will have to move fully after graduation. The student becomes more responsible, manages his time more competently. On the other hand, secondary employment is realized precisely in their free time from study, negatively affecting the amount of time allocated to prepare for classes, sessions, etc. The key problem of secondary employment of a student is that often the specialty of study is in no way connected with the place of work. This fact increases the likelihood that an individual after graduating from university will go to work not in his specialty, which makes it more difficult for the demands of the labor market and the education system to produce necessary quantity of specialists a certain domain. Also, not all students are able to correctly prioritize work and academic activities, as a result of which there are distortions that negatively affect educational activities.
The study of the conflictogenicity of secondary employment is relevant in the modern labor market, where many people, including students, choose additional work. The article analyzes the reasons why students choose additional work, including financial independence and the desire for self-development. Both positive and negative consequences of secondary employment of students are considered. The study was conducted using a sociological survey among students in Barnaul, as well as expert interviews with teachers. The article emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to solving problems associated with the conflictogenic nature of secondary employment, including support measures from the state and educational institutions. The results of the study indicate the importance of a balance between education and labor activity of working students. As part of the study of the selected topic, a methodology was developed and a sociological study was conducted among working students of educational institutions in Barnaul. The study was conducted using a questionnaire method, in which 322 respondents took part. The sample was formed by a non-random method of typical representatives. The sample size was determined by the capabilities of the researcher. At the second stage, expert surveys were conducted (n = 15). This study allows us to understand in detail the phenomenon of secondary employment of students and its conflictogenicity. The results of the study indicate the importance of a balance between education and work, emphasizing the need to regulate the level of student employment. The author's special contribution to the study of the topic is the emphasis on the special importance of a comprehensive solution to the problem of conflict in secondary employment with the participation of the state and universities, as well as with the active position of the students themselves.
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