Socio-spatial analysis of residential water demand in Mexico City

Abstract

La gestión del agua en las ciudades se ha vuelto cada más desafiante, debido al aumento de la demanda urbana de agua en un contexto de reducción de las fuentes disponibles. Estos problemas han evidenciado la necesidad de integrar el abastecimiento de agua, el drenaje y el saneamiento desde el paradigma de la Gestión Integrada del Agua Urbana (GIAU). Para el estudio del componente de abastecimiento es importante considerar el análisis de los determinantes de la demanda urbana de agua. En el caso de la Ciudad de México no se cuenta con un diagnóstico certero de estos determinantes a pesar de que enfrenta múltiples problemas en materia hídrica. Por lo que, el objetivo de este trabajo consiste en estimar la demanda doméstica de agua y sus determinantes en la Ciudad de México a escala de colonias para el año 2010, con base en datos oficiales medidos. Los determinantes analizados se relacionan con cuestiones socioeconómicos, densidad urbana y acceso al agua; utilizando los modelos de regresión múltiple de Mínimos Cuadrados (que provee resultados globales y espacialmente estacionarios) y de Regresión Geográficamente Ajustada (que presenta coeficientes que varían espacialmente). Los resultados señalan que el área central de la ciudad es prioritaria para implementar estrategias desde la GIAU. Esta estimación aporta a una comprensión más profunda de la crisis de agua en la Ciudad de México desde la visión de la demanda de agua, además de ser útil para la toma de decisiones.

Household water consumption on the outskirts of Mexico City

“…The research findings from Ramos-Bueno et al 37 reports that households located in the central-western area registered a high consumption of water, and those in peripheral areas of the southern and southeastern region registered low consumption. 37 However, their research does not identify the specific regions that define the spatial pattern.…”

“…The research findings from Ramos-Bueno et al 37 reports that households located in the central-western area registered a high consumption of water, and those in peripheral areas of the southern and southeastern region registered low consumption. 37 However, their research does not identify the specific regions that define the spatial pattern. Ramos-Bueno et al does not consider the household size variable, since it includes as a dependent variable total water demand of households, and not at per capita level.…”

“…In the search for similar research in Latin America, the authors of this paper only identified two studies, the first in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil, 36 and the second in Mexico City. 37 The present study is interested in addressing the case of domestic water consumption in Mexico City, which is the area of greatest political, economic, and social importance in Mexico. The city ranks globally as one of the most threatened by extreme water scarcity and inequality in its distribution (Rojas-Quesada & Valenciano-Hernández, 2019).…”

“…As previously mentioned, in 2021 an article that examines the residential demand for water in the city with a spatial approach was published; the latter includes variables on urban density and determinants of access to water services. 37 However, the information it analyzes is from 2010, which reflects the great difficulty in obtaining georeferenced and updated information.…”

Comparative study of drinking water management in Mexico City and Singapore

“…, 2016). In addition, the central area of Mexico City should be the primary area to reduce the demand for water for domestic consumption, characterised by different neighbourhoods with a high demand for water and low levels of micro-metering (Ramos-Bueno et al. , 2021).…”