Socioeconomic inequality and child maltreatment in Iranian schoolchildren

Hosseinkhani, Zahra; Aflatouni, Ali; Mahram, Manoochehr; Majdzadeh, Reza

doi:10.26719/2015.21.11.819

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…no single type) ( Table 2 ; eight rated good quality). The pooled OR for five estimates 30–32 , 35 , 37 measuring maternal unemployment and any child maltreatment was 1.02 (95% CI 0.81–1.30), with substantial heterogeneity between estimates ( Table 3 ; Fig. AI ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is parental unemployment associated with increased risk of adverse childhood experiences? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Judd

Hughes

Bellis

et al. 2023

Journal of Public Health

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Background Unemployment has adverse consequences for families and can put children at risk of harm. This study presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of global evidence on associations between parental unemployment and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Methods Systematic literature searches across four databases identified cross-sectional, cohort or case–control studies measuring associations between parental employment and individual or cumulative ACEs in children. Available risk estimates were extracted and pooled odds ratios calculated using random-effects models. Results Of 60 included studies, 37 provided risk estimates suitable for pooling across seven ACE types. Paternal/any parental unemployment was associated with a 29% increased risk of sexual abuse, 54% increased risk of neglect, 60% increased risk of physical abuse and around 90% increased risk of child maltreatment and parental mental illness. No associations were found between maternal unemployment and ACEs. Pooling estimates from representative general population studies also identified increased risk of child maltreatment with paternal/any parental unemployment (82%) but not maternal unemployment. Conclusions Children who grow up with parental unemployment can be at increased risk of ACEs. A combination of socioeconomic measures to increase employment opportunities and parental support targeting fathers and mothers may help break multigenerational cycles of abuse and deprivation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is parental unemployment associated with increased risk of adverse childhood experiences? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Judd

Hughes

Bellis

et al. 2023

Journal of Public Health

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Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Embora alguns estudos apontem que há associação positiva entre AFI/maus tratos e índices socioeconômicos mais baixos 2,25,26,27,28,29 , há também aqueles que não apontam tal associação 2,30 . Crianças e adolescentes com baixa escolaridade pertencentes a famílias de baixa renda, com mães que tiveram filhos muito cedo ou famílias com múltiplas figuras paternas, apresentam maior risco de sofrerem maus tratos e de futuramente apresentarem comportamento violento com seus filhos 2,25,26,27,28,29 . Esperava-se, portanto, que regiões de maior vulnerabilidade social apresentassem maiores índices de identificação e notificação de AFI, entretanto a presente investigação revelou que regiões com maior vulnerabilidade social não apresentaram relação com o índice de identificação e notificação de AFI.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Frequência de identificação e notificação de abuso físico infantil por profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família e relação com fatores socioeconômicos

et al. 2023

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Objetivo: Avaliar a frequência de identificação e notificação de abuso físico infantil (AFI) por profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e fatores associados em regionais com diferente vulnerabilidade social de Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal com amostra de conveniência de pediatras, dentistas, médicos da família e enfermeiros, de dois distritos da ESF de Belo Horizonte, Brasil. Os distritos foram selecionados tomando como referência os índices de vulnerabilidade social. Os profissionais foram convidados a responder um questionário autoaplicável desenvolvido na Universidade de Londres, adaptado para o uso no Brasil. Foram realizadas análises descritivas e analíticas, utilizando o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson (p<0,05). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 144 profissionais: 35 (24,3%) dentistas, 46 (31,9%) enfermeiros, 45 (31,2%) médicos da família e 18 (12,5%) pediatras. Do total, 86 (59,7%) profissionais já identificaram algum caso de AFI na experiência profissional, mas apenas 38 (26,4%) notificaram às autoridades. A identificação e notificação estiveram associadas à categoria profissional (p < 0,001) e aos profissionais que realizaram pós-graduação com enfoque na criança (p < 0,001). A vulnerabilidade das regionais não esteve associada à identificação e notificação dos casos de AFI (p = 0,754). Conclusão: A identificação e notificação de casos de AFI associaram-se aos profissionais com formação voltada para o atendimento da criança e com a categoria profissional, sendo o pediatra e o enfermeiro os que mais identificaram e notificaram. A vulnerabilidade social da regional não esteve associada com a identificação e notificação. Descritores: Maus-tratos infantis. Estratégia Saúde da Família. Notificação compulsória.

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“…The reasons for this observation may be low income, population density, inadequate housing, family stress, and even the need for long-term hospitalization and special treatment in CSHCN. [ 21 27 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Child Abuse and Neglect in Hospitalized Children with Special Health Care Needs in Iran

Bahrami¹,

Tork-Torabi²,

Sotoudeh³

et al. 2021

Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research

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Background: Child Abuse and Neglect (CAN) is an important public health concern. Nurses play a key role in caring for the children and keeping them safe from abuse and neglect. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of perceived CAN in Hospitalized Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) as well as the relationship between the rate and some effective factors. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study on 199 CSHCN aged 6–18 years old, admitted to the pediatric wards in an educational hospital, in Isfahan, Iran, in 2018. Children were selected through convenience sampling method and assessed for CAN through a child abuse questionnaire. The Pearson correlation coefficient and Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to analyze the data. The p values smaller than 0.05 were regarded as significant. Results: According to the findings, 173 children (86.93%) had perceived CAN, the average total score of which was 9.36 contributing commonly to malnutrition 3.01 (2.36) followed by psycho-emotional abuse 2.71 (1.76), neglect 1.62 (1.23), and physical 1.52 (1.08) and sexual 0.54 (0.31) abuse based on mean (SD). Statistical analysis indicated a significant effect of child's age, economic situation of the family, mother's education and occupation, and parents' illness on the total score of perceived CAN (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Malnutrition was found to be the most common type of perceived CAN. Therefore, parents and the health system are advised to prioritize nutritional needs when planning their nutrition.

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Socioeconomic inequality and child maltreatment in Iranian schoolchildren

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

Is parental unemployment associated with increased risk of adverse childhood experiences? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Is parental unemployment associated with increased risk of adverse childhood experiences? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Frequência de identificação e notificação de abuso físico infantil por profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família e relação com fatores socioeconômicos

Perceived Child Abuse and Neglect in Hospitalized Children with Special Health Care Needs in Iran

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