Socioeconomic status disparities affect children’s anxiety and stress-sensitive cortisol awakening response through parental anxiety

Zhu, Yannan; Chen, Xu; Zhao, Hui; Chen, Menglu; Tian, Yanqiu; Liu, Chao; Han, Zhuo Rachel; Lin, Xiuyun; Qiu, Jiang; Xue, Gui; Shu, Hua; Qin, Shaozheng

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.008

Cited by 53 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These results replicate what was previously [41][42][43][44]. Children coming from high SES families suffered more anxiety disorders, a finding that does not seem to replicate previously reported results which mostly link lower SES with higher rates of anxiety disorders [45][46][47][48]. This apparent contradiction might be attributed to the small number of children diagnosed with these diagnostic categories in our sample.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Parenting discipline styles and child psychopathology in a clinical sample of Egyptian children in the Nile Delta region

Seleem

Amer

2020

Middle East Curr Psychiatry

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Background Few, if any, studies evaluated the effect of violent parenting discipline on children’s psychological well-being in the Nile Delta region. The current study aimed to explore the spectrum of violent versus non-violent parenting discipline styles practiced by a sample of Egyptian families who came for psychiatric advice in Tanta Psychiatry and Neurology Center and the effects of such styles on youth’s problem behavior and psychiatric diagnoses. Two hundred and seven families were recruited and interviewed using the Kiddie Schedule of affective disorders and schizophrenia-present and life-time version “K-SADS-PL.” Arabic translated and validated versions of the conflict tactics scale–parent child version (CTS-PC) and the child behavioral checklist questionnaire (CBCL) for ages 6–18 years were used to evaluate parenting discipline styles and child psychopathology, respectively. Results Youth (n = 207) had an average age of 10.8 ± 2.8 years and 30% were females. A significant association was noted between all forms of psychological and physical violence against children, in addition to neglectful parenting, and both internalizing and externalizing problems in offspring with no significant differences between mild and severe forms of violence. Parents who were sexually abused as children had more tendency to practice violent discipline strategies on their own children. Conclusions All forms of child maltreatment, even mild forms, have a considerable effect on the child psychological development. National policies and legalization should be implemented to decrease child maltreatment and protect children from all forms of physical and sexual abuse.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Parenting discipline styles and child psychopathology in a clinical sample of Egyptian children in the Nile Delta region

Seleem

Amer

2020

Middle East Curr Psychiatry

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“…Cortisol rhythms in low-SES adults demonstrate this pattern of a blunted CAR and high bedtime SCC (Desantis et al, 2015). Using a combined SES index of income and parental education, Zhu et al (2019) recently reported this same pattern of blunted CAR and elevated bedtime SCC in a large sample of children aged 6–15 years. While there is evidence that these distinct indices of salivary cortisol function – AUCg, diurnal slope, CAR, and bedtime SCC – all reflect children's socioeconomic context based on income or composite SES measures, they may vary in their sensitivity to specific SES dimensions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…We did not measure stress reactivity to challenge. We also took only one morning sample and therefore did not adequately capture the CAR, which prior research has found to be blunted in lower SES children (Zhu et al, 2019). An extension of this research would be to characterize how cortisol reactivity and the CAR relate to multidimensional SES indicators in early childhood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol and socioeconomic status in early childhood: A multidimensional assessment

et al. 2020

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The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis is sensitive to early life stress, with enduring consequences for biological stress vulnerability and health (Gunnar & Talge, 2008). Low socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with dysregulation of the stress hormone cortisol in early childhood. However, a mechanistic understanding of this association is lacking. Multidimensional assessment of both SES and cortisol is needed to characterize the intricate relations between SES and cortisol function in early childhood. We assessed parent-reported family income, parent education, occupational prestige, neighborhood risk, food insecurity, and household chaos for 12-month-old infants (N = 90) and 3.5-year-old children (N = 91). Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) was obtained from parent and child, indexing chronic biological stress, and diurnal salivary cortisol was measured in the children. Controlling for parent HCC, parent education uniquely predicted infant and child HCC and, in addition, neighborhood risk uniquely predicted infant HCC. Household chaos predicted bedtime salivary cortisol concentration (SCC) for both infants and children, and infant daily cortisol output. Food insecurity was associated with flattened cortisol slope in 3.5-year-old children. Parental sensitivity did not mediate relations between SES and cortisol. Results highlight the utility of SES measures that index unpredictable and unsafe contexts, such as neighborhood risk, food insecurity, and household chaos.

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“…Interventions in cases of anxiety more often use cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), but not all are effective for application in some children. Demographic factors and clinical disorders such as the severity of symptoms, disparity in socioeconomic status (SES), diagnosis of comorbidity, mood and other behavioral disorders can affect anxiety in children (Compton et al, 2014;Hudson et al, 2015;Zhu et al, 2019). This condition indicates the need for research and other treatments related to anxiety in children as a form of prevention and intervention disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Play Therapy for Children with Anxiety Disorders

Nursanaa¹,

Ady²

2020

Proceedings of the 5th ASEAN Conference on Psychology, Counselling, and Humanities (ACPCH 2019)

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This study uses a literature review to study the effects of play therapy used as an intervention in children with anxiety disorders. The literature consists of 15 international journals published from 2015-2018. The review covers the subject, the design, and the setting of the therapy, as well as the type of game applied. Based on the results of the review, it is known that play therapy is effective in reducing anxiety in children with vulnerable ages ranging from 3-16 years old using various materials and different settings. In addition to reducing anxiety, play therapy can also reduce negative emotions, aggression and can improve the social abilities and academic performance of children with anxiety disorders. Play therapy is often applied to children who experience anxiety disorders while undergoing treatment in the hospital. The results of this research review are expected to be a reference for further research, especially research conducted in Indonesia.

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Socioeconomic status disparities affect children’s anxiety and stress-sensitive cortisol awakening response through parental anxiety

Cited by 53 publications

References 53 publications

Parenting discipline styles and child psychopathology in a clinical sample of Egyptian children in the Nile Delta region

Parenting discipline styles and child psychopathology in a clinical sample of Egyptian children in the Nile Delta region

Cortisol and socioeconomic status in early childhood: A multidimensional assessment

Play Therapy for Children with Anxiety Disorders

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