Soft, Comfortable Polymer Dry Electrodes for High Quality ECG and EEG Recording

Chen, Yun-Hsuan; Beeck, Maaike Op de; Vanderheyden, Luc; Carrette, Evelien; Mihajlović, Vojkan; Vanstreels, Kris; Grundlehner, Bernard; Gadeyne, Stefanie; Boon, Paul; Hoof, Chris Van

doi:10.3390/s141223758

Cited by 194 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Possibly, the dry system would have a lower skin-electrode coupling conductance resulting in larger thermal (Johnson) noise that elevates the power of the whole spectrum (and lowers the signal-to-noise ratio). This is supported by electrode-skin-amplifier interface models (Chi, Jung, & Cauwenberghs, 2010) and prior observations of higher broadband powers for some classes of dry versus traditional gel-based electrodes (Chen et al, 2014;Chi et al, 2010;Estepp, Christensen, Monnin, Davis, & Wilson, 2009;Mathewson et al, 2017;Zander et al, 2011).…”

Section: Cognitive-motor Effort Assessment Capabilities Of the Dry supporting

confidence: 60%

Combined assessment of attentional reserve and cognitive‐motor effort under various levels of challenge with a dry EEG system

et al. 2018

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A novel ERP approach was proposed to index variations in mental workload, particularly in attentional reserve, which is complementary to EEG spectral content thought to reflect mental effort. To our knowledge, no study has assessed mental effort and attentional reserve simultaneously in EEG gel-based and, importantly, dry systems, which are particularly well suited for real-world settings. Therefore, by systematically considering ERP, EEG spectral, and importantly the combination of both, this study examined if a small set of dry EEG electrodes could detect changes in both spectral and ERP metrics to assess the mental workload under various challenges with a similar fidelity to their gel-based counterparts in a laboratory setting. By employing both EEG gel-based and dry systems, the ERP and spectral markers were computed while participants executed a visuomotor task under three levels of challenge. For both EEG systems, more challenging levels of difficulty were associated with concomitant changes in ERP amplitude, and spectral power reflected a reduction of the attentional reserve and an increase in cognitive-motor effort, respectively. Those variations in attentional reserve and cognitive-motor effort collectively indexed mental workload with nearly identical fidelity for both gel-based and dry EEG systems. These findings promise to assess the mental workload in situations where the use of dry EEG systems could be advantageously employed to examine human cognitive-motor performance.

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Section: Cognitive-motor Effort Assessment Capabilities Of the Dry supporting

confidence: 60%

Combined assessment of attentional reserve and cognitive‐motor effort under various levels of challenge with a dry EEG system

et al. 2018

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“…However, dry electrodes are more challenging to use due to higher skin-electrode interface impedance and lack of an adhesive material (as found in wet Ag/AgCl electrodes) to fix the location of the electrode [25]. Increased contact area will reduce the skin electrode impedance [26]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Vector Electrical Bioimpedance System to Assess Knee Joint Health

Hersek

Töreyin

Teague

et al. 2017

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

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Objective We designed and validated a portable electrical bioimpedance (EBI) system to quantify knee joint health. Methods Five separate experiments were performed to demonstrate the: (1) ability of the EBI system to assess knee injury and recovery; (2) inter-day variability of knee EBI measurements; (3) sensitivity of the system to small changes in interstitial fluid volume; (4) reducing the error of EBI measurements using acceleration signals; (5) use of the system with dry electrodes integrated to a wearable knee wrap. Results (1) The absolute difference in resistance (R) and reactance (X) from the left to the right knee was able to distinguish injured and healthy knees (p<0.05); the absolute difference in R decreased significantly (p<0.05) in injured subjects following rehabilitation. (2) The average inter-day variability (standard deviation) of the absolute difference in knee R was 2.5Ω, and for X was, 1.2 Ω. (3) Local heating/cooling resulted in a significant decrease/increase in knee R (p<0.01). (4) The proposed subject position detection algorithm achieved 97.4% leave-one subject out cross-validated accuracy and 98.2% precision in detecting when the subject is in the correct position to take measurements. (5) Linear regression between the knee R and X measured using the wet electrodes and the designed wearable knee wrap were highly correlated (r2 = 0.8 and 0.9, respectively). Conclusion This work demonstrates the use of wearable EBI measurements in monitoring knee joint health. Significance The proposed wearable system has the potential for assessing knee joint health outside the clinic/lab and help guide rehabilitation.

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“…The materials and fabrication processes are similar for contact and non-contact type electrodes, except that the electronics need to be adjusted for each. Some demonstrations include, carbon-nanotube or metal nanoparticle doped polymeric sensors [2][3][4], micromachined flexible sensors [5], minimally invasive needle type electrodes [6][7][8], and capacitive non-contact sensors based on printed-circuit board technologies [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%