Soft Polymer–Organolead Halide Perovskite Films for Highly Stretchable and Durable Photodetectors with Pt–Au Nanochain-Based Electrodes

Abstract

The rigid and brittle nature of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) polycrystalline films limits their application in stretchable devices due to rapid deterioration in performance on cycling. By incorporation of polymer chains in the MAPbI3 films, a strategy to alter the mechanical modulus and the viscoelastic nature of the films has been developed. Combining this with flexible nanochain electrodes, highly stretchable and stable perovskite devices have been fabricated. The resultant polymer-MAPbI3 photodetector exhibits ultralow dark currents (∼10–11 A) and high light switching ratios (∼103) and maintains 75% of performance after 30 days. The viscoelastic nature and lower modulus of the polymer improve the energy dissipation in the polymer-MAPbI3 devices; as a result, they maintain 52% of the device performance after 10000 stretching cycles at 50% strain. The difference in the mechanical behavior is clearly observed in the failure mode of the two films. While rapid catastrophic cracking is observed in MAPbI3 films, the intensity and size of such crack formation are highly limited in polymer-MAPbI3 films, which prevent their failure.

Advanced Stretchable Photodetectors: Strategies, Materials and Devices

“…The corrugated or corrugated structure has become a very common substrate design due to its advantages of simple preparation, convenient composition, large area, high efficiency, and low cost. [51] Chiang et al [52] adopted a composite material of graphene and graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and a unique PDMS corrugated structure was used to support the graphene layer, enabling graphene to be stretched under external tension, achieving highly stretched optoelectronics The detector, the fabrication process of which is shown in Figure 3a. Employing a PDMS film on a pre-strained 2.5 % 3 M VHB as a substrate on which graphene was transferred, electrodes and GQDs were deposited.…”

“…The corrugated or corrugated structure has become a very common substrate design due to its advantages of simple preparation, convenient composition, large area, high efficiency, and low cost [51] . Chiang et al [52] .…”

A phonic Braille recognition system based on a self-powered sensor with self-healing ability, temperature resistance, and stretchability

“…The stretchability of the device is desirable to meet the deformation requirements and avoid the degradation of device performance. [30][31][32][33] When the device suffers from high or low temperature, the mechanical and electrical properties of the device could deteriorate. 34 It is essential to endow the self-powered sensor with temperature resistance.…”

Carbon monoxide induced self-doping in methylammonium lead iodide films and associated long-term degradation effects

“…[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Their structural stability is affected by interaction with a variety of gas molecules such as O 2 and water vapor which has led to preventive steps in processing to limit their exposure to these species. [14][15][16][17] The key is the mobility and the stability of the CH 3 -NH 3 + (methylammonium) and the I À species, which interact with such molecules and lead to decomposition of the MAPbI 3 . [18][19][20] However, the effect of gases that are present in a limited concentration in the atmosphere and many controlled conditions, can be detrimental owing to their strong interaction with MAPbI 3 .…”