Soft Tissue Tumors of the Head and Neck: Imaging-based Review of the WHO Classification

Razek, Ahmed Abdel Khalek Abdel; Huang, Benjamin

doi:10.1148/rg.317115095

Cited by 129 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The imaging characteristics of SFT include the well-demarcated appearance of a submucosal tumor with strong enhancement on CT and MRI, typical of nonsquamous cell tumors, which account for 2-5% of all laryngeal tumors. These lesions include hemangiomas, hemangiopericytomas, paragangliomas, soft tissue sarcomas and, more rarely, SFT, as in our case (8). However, it seems to be difficult to differentiate SFT from hemangioma or hemangiopericytoma based on the clinico-radiologic appearance alone (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

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A Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Subglottic Larynx: Case Report and Literature Review

Park

Lee

et al. 2016

Balkan Med J

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Background: Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) arising from the larynx are extremely rare; most occur in the supraglottic larynx. Case Report: Herein, we detail a new case of a subglottic SFT presenting as a well-encapsulated soft-tissue tumor with hoarseness. It showed isoattenuation, similar to the adjacent muscle on pre-contrast computed tomography (CT) images, and strong, heterogeneous enhancement following contrast material administration, which may reflect hypervascularity. On pathological examination, it consisted of spindle cells, squeezed between abundant collagen, and focally prominent vascularity in a staghorn feature. The tumor cells were immunoreactive for CD34, BCL2 and CD99. Based on the combination of architectural and immunohistochemical criteria, we ultimately diagnosed this case as an SFT. Conclusion: Until now, only 14 cases of laryngeal SFT have been described in the literature: 13 located in the supraglottic areas and only one located in the subglottic/tracheal area. Therefore the present case is the second case of a subglottic SFT reported. Although rare, SFT should be included in the differential diagnosis of a well-marginated laryngeal mass with highly intense contrast enhancement, which suggests rich tumor vascularity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…These lesions include hemangiomas, hemangiopericytomas, paragangliomas, soft tissue sarcomas and, more rarely, SFT, as in our case (8). However, it seems to be difficult to differentiate SFT from hemangioma or hemangiopericytoma based on the clinico-radiologic appearance alone (8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

A Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Subglottic Larynx: Case Report and Literature Review

Park

Lee

et al. 2016

Balkan Med J

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“…MR imaging demonstrates intermediate signal on T1-weighted images and hyperintensity on T2-weighted images with marked contrast enhancement. A large tumor shows a heterogeneous appearance [22][23][24]. On the other hand, MR imaging of neurofibroma is characterized by heterogeneity on T2-weighted images, with heterogeneous contrast enhancement.…”

Section: Benign Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MR findings of pseudotumors are illdefined margins with hypointensity on T2-weighted images, relatively weak enhancement, and good response to steroid therapy [3,22]. Desmoid-type fibromatosis Aggressive or desmoid-type fibromatosis is a locally aggressive, fibroblastic lesion.…”

Section: Fibrosing Inflammatory Pseudotumormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of lesions at masticator space

Razek

2014

Jpn J Radiol

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We aim to review the normal anatomy and imaging appearance of masticator space lesions. Because the masticator space is not amenable to direct examination, cross-sectional imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging play an important role in diagnosis and characterization of lesions occurring there. Masticator space lesions can be classified on the basis of their origin into the following categories: inflammatory lesions, benign tumors, malignant tumors, vascular lesions, and developmental lesions. A diverse spectrum of malignant tumors and benign lesions are seen extending from the adjacent spaces. In addition, one should also be familiar with pseudolesions as well as post-treatment changes in the masticator space that can be mistaken for pathologic conditions.

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Volumetric modulated arc therapy treatment planning based on virtual monochromatic images for head and neck cancer: effect of the contrast‐enhanced agent on dose distribution

Komiyama

Ohira

Kanayama

et al. 2019

J Applied Clin Med Phys

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Virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) at a lower energy level can improve image quality but the computed tomography (CT) number of iodine contained in the contrast-enhanced agent is dramatically increased. We assessed the effect of the use of contrastenhanced agent on the dose distributions in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) planning for head and neck cancer (HNC). Based on the VMIs at 40 keV (VMI 40keV ), 60 keV(VMI 60keV ), and 77 keV (VMI 77keV ) of a tissue characterization phantom, lookup tables (LUTs) were created. VMAT plans were generated for 15 HNC patients based on contrast-enhanced-(CE-) VMIs at 40-, 60-, and 77 keV using the corresponding LUTs, and the doses were recalculated based on the noncontrast-enhanced-(nCE-) VMIs. For all structures, the difference in CT numbers owing to the contrast-enhanced agent was prominent as the energy level of the VMI decreased, and the mean differences in CT number between CE-and nCE-VMI was the largest for the clinical target volume (CTV) (125.3, 55.9, and 33.1 HU for VMI 40keV , VMI 60keV , and VMI 77keV, respectively). The mean difference of the dosimetric parameters (D 99% , D 50% , D 1% , D mean , and D 0.1cc ) for CTV and OARs was <1% in the treatment plans based on all VMIs. The maximum difference was observed for CTV in VMI 40keV (2.4%), VMI 60keV (1.9%), and VMI 77keV (1.5%) plans. The effect of the contrast-enhanced agent was larger in the VMAT plans based on the VMI at a lower energy level for HNC patients.This effect is not desirable in a treatment planning procedure. K E Y W O R D S contrast agent, dual energy CT, head and neck cancer, virtual monochromatic image

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Soft Tissue Tumors of the Head and Neck: Imaging-based Review of the WHO Classification

Cited by 129 publications

References 91 publications

A Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Subglottic Larynx: Case Report and Literature Review

A Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Subglottic Larynx: Case Report and Literature Review

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of lesions at masticator space

Volumetric modulated arc therapy treatment planning based on virtual monochromatic images for head and neck cancer: effect of the contrast‐enhanced agent on dose distribution

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