Softening and melting behavior of ferrous burden under simulated oxygen blast furnace condition

Zhang, Hua-jie; She, Xuefeng; Han, Yi-hua; Wang, Jingsong; Zeng, Fanbo; Xue, Qingguo

doi:10.1016/s1006-706x(15)30003-0

Cited by 23 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…When the liquid slag forms and makes contact with silica, it releases Mg 2+ cations. [2][3][4] The liquid solidifies because the Mg 2+ cations and the remaining liquid slag has a high CaO content. Consequently, an increase in CaO and MgO content leads to an increase in the softening and melting temperature.…”

Section: B Softening and Melting Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies focused on the movement behavior of wu¨stite. [1,2] Laboratory testing demonstrated that it is possible to evaluate the influence of the liquid phase on the microstructure in a wu¨stite/fayalite system. [3] Softening begins when a liquid phase forms within the microstructure of a reduced particle and not by deformation of the solid phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Ternary Basicity of Iron Ore-Fluxed Pellets on Melting and Softening Properties in a Blast Furnace

Silva

Lemos

Nogueira³

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans B

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The cohesive zone is a region of low permeability in a blast furnace. This study shows the impact of the chemical composition of pellets on the metallurgical processes occurring in this region during the iron ore reduction process. Sixteen pellets containing varying contents of MgO, CaO, and SiO2 were investigated. The results indicate that increasing the MgO content of pellets improves their high-temperature properties; e.g., reduction degree and softening temperature. Modern equipment was used to replicate the phenomena that occur in the cohesive zone to measure the softening temperature, pressure drop, and the reduction degree of pellets at elevated temperatures and different pellet basicities. These experimental results were used to develop mathematical correlations between parameters related to high-temperature properties and the ternary basicity of the pellets ((CaO + MgO)/SiO2). Defining such relationships will facilitate evaluating the effects of pellet chemical composition on blast furnace processes.

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Section: B Softening and Melting Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ternary Basicity of Iron Ore-Fluxed Pellets on Melting and Softening Properties in a Blast Furnace

Silva

Lemos

Nogueira³

et al. 2020

Metall Mater Trans B

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show abstract

“…The shape of the stagnant zone was affected not only by the SIG proportion but also by the shape of the cohesive zone. Some previous studies [34] showed that the position of the cohesive zone became lower, thinner or even disappeared under TGR-OBF conditions. Therefore, through the current cold model and without the consideration of the cohesive zone, it can be considered that the SIG had a more significant effect on the shape of the stagnant zone than the hearth injected gas.…”

Section: Effect Of Ratio (X) On Solid Flow Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 88%

A downscaling cold model for solid flow behaviour in a top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

High Temperature Materials and Processes

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The top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace (TGR-OBF) is a reasonable method used to reduce both coke rate and energy consumption in the steel industry. An important feature of this process is shaft gas injection. This article presents an experimental study on the gas–solid flow characteristics in a TGR-OBF using a two-dimensional cold model. The experimental conditions and parameters were determined using a series of similarity criteria. The results showed that the whole flow area in the TGR-OBF can be divided into four distinct flow zones, namely, the stagnant zone, the plug flow zone in the upper part of the shaft, the converging flow zone and the quasi-stagnant flow zone, which is similar to that in a traditional blast furnace. Then the effects of batch weight and the ratio (X) of the shaft injected gas flow rate to the total gas flow rate on solid flow behaviour were investigated in detail. With the increase in batch weight, the shape of the stagnant zone tends to be shorter and thicker. Furthermore, with the increase in X value from 0 to 1, the stagnant zone gradually becomes thinner and higher. The results obtained from the experiments provide fundamental data and a validation for the discrete element method–computational fluid dynamics-coupled mathematical model for TGR-OBFs for future studies.

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“…From Figure 4 and Table 3, it can be seen that as the proportion of CO 2 in ABOFG injection increases, the softening temperature tends to increase, but the melting temperature decreases from 1319 to 1297 C, whereas the width of the block zone remains at around 110 C. It means that the increase in CO 2 does not significantly reduce the samples' reduction rate but promotes the formation of the low-melting-point phase and the process of solidÀliquid reaction. [16][17][18] The gas permeability index ΔS can be calculated by Equation (12). The larger the value of ΔS, the worse the air permeability.…”

Section: The Effects On High-temperature Performances With Abofg Injectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Phenomena of CO₂ Injection in Polymetallic Ironmaking

Song

Zhang

Gao

et al. 2021

steel research int.

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Abandoned basic oxygen furnace gas (ABOFG) is a kind of byproduct fuel resource produced in the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking process with a high temperature of 1773-1873 K and 20-40% (vol.%) CO and 20-30% (vol.%) CO 2 and is usually ignited and discharged as waste gas (34.7% abandoned rate). The effects and physicochemical phenomena of injecting CO 2 -containing ABOFG into high-Cr-bearing vanadiaÀtitania magnetite ironmaking are investigated. The thermodynamic calculation shows that the ABOFG injection changes the gas partial pressure and the oxygen potential in the slagÀcoke interfaces and suppresses the titanium carbonitride formation. According to the results of soft-eningÀmeltingÀdripping experiments, the content of titanium carbonitride in the high-titanium slag decreases from 2.53% to 1.14% as the CO 2 content in ABOFG increases from 0 to 30%, which is conducive to improving the high-temperature physicochemical properties of molten slag. The recoveries of vanadium and chromium are also improved with the decrease in iron loss. Moreover, the residual coke still maintains a considerable compressive strength with a slight effect from ABOFG injection, which is expected to reduce carbon consumption.

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Softening and melting behavior of ferrous burden under simulated oxygen blast furnace condition

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Ternary Basicity of Iron Ore-Fluxed Pellets on Melting and Softening Properties in a Blast Furnace

Effect of Ternary Basicity of Iron Ore-Fluxed Pellets on Melting and Softening Properties in a Blast Furnace

A downscaling cold model for solid flow behaviour in a top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace

Physicochemical Phenomena of CO₂ Injection in Polymetallic Ironmaking

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Softening and melting behavior of ferrous burden under simulated oxygen blast furnace condition

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of Ternary Basicity of Iron Ore-Fluxed Pellets on Melting and Softening Properties in a Blast Furnace

Effect of Ternary Basicity of Iron Ore-Fluxed Pellets on Melting and Softening Properties in a Blast Furnace

A downscaling cold model for solid flow behaviour in a top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace

Physicochemical Phenomena of CO2 Injection in Polymetallic Ironmaking

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Product

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Physicochemical Phenomena of CO₂ Injection in Polymetallic Ironmaking