Coal blend bulk density is an important property in the coking process. Some variables, such as moisture and particle size, which are controlled or measured in the coal beneficiation process in steel mills, exert a strong influence on this feature. This study aims to understand the density variation of coal blends by the influence of moisture and particle size when using dry and wet bases. The investigations showed that higher density can be reached when drying the coal blend or even with excess of moisture by an agglomeration process. However, for a coal blend of lower moisture content, such as 4%, the better effects on the coking process are evident. Changes on the density from particle size require care, since they can fall in a region of high density achieved by larger particles or in a region with excess coal fines, where either or both can compromise the coke quality.
ResumoSão analisados os efeitos de parâmetros operacionais sobre o desempenho de dessulfuração do gusa líquido num reator Kanbara à luz de modelagens matemática e física do processo, no qual são considerados o tamanho das partículas do reagente dessulfurante no banho, forma, profundidade de imersão, posicionamento e velocidade de rotação do agitador mecânico. As condições de dispersão do reagente são estudadas via modelagem física, e a necessidade de se incorporar a distribuição espacial no modelo é discutida. Abordam-se as implicações teóricas e práticas da descentralização do impelidor. Os resultados industriais mostram-se em concordância com os previstos por um modelo matemático que despreza as complexidades de maior ordem e permitem evidenciar a importância da velocidade de rotação e da granulometria do reagente. Palavras-chave: Dessulfuração; Agitação; Dispersão; Reatores.
MAXIMIZING HOT METAL DESULFURIZATION IN A KANBARA REACTOR AbstractMathematical and physical modeling of Kanbara process, which takes in consideration the particle size of the reagent, the shape, depth of immersion, rotation speed and positioning of the mechanical agitator have been used to assess the efficiency of desulfurization. The nature of the dispersion of the reagent has been studied through physical modeling, and the need to incorporate its spatial distribution in the model is discussed. Theoretical and practical implications of the decentralization of the impeller are also addressed. Desulfurization results taken from an industrial plant are in good agreement with a mathematical model that disregards the major complexities of the process. This model has been used to highlight the effects of rotational speed and particle size. Key words: Desulfurization; Agitation; Dispersion; Reactors.
INTRODUÇÃOA operação de dessulfuração do gusa pode ser conduzida em carros-torpedo ou panelas de transferência. A Figura 1 explicita os principais métodos industriais de dessulfuração e desfosforação nas estações de pré--tratamento do gusa: 1a) injeção profunda do reagente; 1b) adição do reagente sobre a superfície do banho seguida de sua agitação pela passagem de fluxo gasoso; 1c) adição do reagente sobre a superfície do metal e dispersão das partículas do reagente via agitação mecânica. Nos processos de injeção de particulados sólidos em banhos metálicos, a fração de dispersão do agente dessulfurante é de no máximo 0,3,(1) enquanto que, no processo por agitação mecânica, via Reator Kanbara (KR), o grau de dispersão pode atingir e ser mantido em 100% durante toda operação de dessulfuração.
The cohesive zone is a region of low permeability in a blast furnace. This study shows the impact of the chemical composition of pellets on the metallurgical processes occurring in this region during the iron ore reduction process. Sixteen pellets containing varying contents of MgO, CaO, and SiO2 were investigated. The results indicate that increasing the MgO content of pellets improves their high-temperature properties; e.g., reduction degree and softening temperature. Modern equipment was used to replicate the phenomena that occur in the cohesive zone to measure the softening temperature, pressure drop, and the reduction degree of pellets at elevated temperatures and different pellet basicities. These experimental results were used to develop mathematical correlations between parameters related to high-temperature properties and the ternary basicity of the pellets ((CaO + MgO)/SiO2). Defining such relationships will facilitate evaluating the effects of pellet chemical composition on blast furnace processes.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.