A kinetic model of hot-metal desulfurization by deep injection of synthetic powdermixtures is presented.The approach takes into consideration the transient contribution due to the particles dispersed in the bulk metal and those located at the bubble-metal interface, the influence of the carry-over slag as well as the volumeand composition of the top slag. Themodel has been utilized to assess the influence of the treatment temperature, rate of injection of powder mixtures, gas flow rate and initial concentration of sulphur over the desulfurization kinetics.In the second part of this study an analysis of the industrial data for injection of powdermixtures using this model is described.
In this work, the techniques of physical modeling for optimization, control and improvement of metallurgical processes, such as RH degassing, continuous casting, IR‐UT, etc with special reference to Brazilian steel plants such as Usiminas, CST, Belgo‐Mineira etc. are discussed. Many of these have been industry‐sponsored projects, involving development of physical models of laboratory scale, considering similarity principles and carrying over the results of experiments to the industrial unit, for optimizing the processes or suggesting alternative techniques for improved efficiency.
The control and minimization of non-metallic inclusions content in the tundish and in the mold of a continuous casting unit is crucial for ensuring the final quality of the steel cast product. Nonmetallic inclusions of sizes smaller than 15 µm are hard to remove, as they are difficult to float. They are easily carried by the flow of steel melt into the mold and adversely affect the steel cleanliness. It is suggested that a gas curtain made of small bubbles of argon can be used to capture and remove these inclusions in the tundish, thus avoiding their transport into the mold. A 1:3 scale physical model of tundish of the continuous casting unit of ArcelorMittal plant, in Vitória, Brazil, was built to investigate the effects of gas flow, shape and positioning of the gas curtain inside the tundish, on the efficiency of removal of inclusions. The results suggest that the gas bubbling inside the tundish can be effective in inclusion removal. The efficiency is dependent upon the location of argon bubbling.
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