Soil aggregate stability and 13C CP/MAS-NMR assessment of organic matter in soils influenced by forest wildfires in Çanakkale, Turkey

Kavdır, Yasemin; Ekinci, Hüseyin; Yüksel, Orhan; Mermut, A. R.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2005.01.013

Cited by 87 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Our findings also confirmed that regardless of the differences our soils had in mineralogy and other soil physical and chemical properties, the heating treatments (as a proxy for wildfires) led to a consistent decrease in concentration of soil C. This was in agreement with previous studies that showed a decrease in soil C concentration in topsoil after fires (for example Badía et al, 2014;Certini, 2005). However, this loss of C is expected to be restricted to topsoil, while it is expected that the C concentration in subsoil is likely to remain unchanged or may even increase (for example Dennis et al, 2013;Kavdır et al, 2005) due to incorporation of necromass from surface biomass (Almendros et al, 1990;Knicker et al, 2005). We observed significant changes in concentration, distribution, and composition of SOM with increasing heating temperature.…”

Section: Changes In Som Concentration Distribution and Compositionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Thermal alteration of soil organic matter properties: a systematic study to infer response of Sierra Nevada climosequence soils to forest fires

Araya¹,

Fogel²,

Berhe³

2017

SOIL

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Abstract. Fire is a major driver of soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics, and contemporary global climate change is changing global fire regimes. We conducted laboratory heating experiments on soils from five locations across the western Sierra Nevada climosequence to investigate thermal alteration of SOM properties and determine temperature thresholds for major shifts in SOM properties. Topsoils (0 to 5 cm depth) were exposed to a range of temperatures that are expected during prescribed and wild fires (150, 250, 350, 450, 550, and 650 • C). With increase in temperature, we found that the concentrations of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) decreased in a similar pattern among all five soils that varied considerably in their original SOM concentrations and mineralogies. Soils were separated into discrete size classes by dry sieving. The C and N concentrations in the larger aggregate size fractions (2-0.25 mm) decreased with an increase in temperature, so that at 450 • C the remaining C and N were almost entirely associated with the smaller aggregate size fractions (< 0.25 mm). We observed a general trend of 13 C enrichment with temperature increase. There was also 15 N enrichment with temperature increase, followed by 15 N depletion when temperature increased beyond 350 • C. For all the measured variables, the largest physical, chemical, elemental, and isotopic changes occurred at the mid-intensity fire temperatures, i.e., 350 and 450 • C. The magnitude of the observed changes in SOM composition and distribution in three aggregate size classes, as well as the temperature thresholds for critical changes in physical and chemical properties of soils (such as specific surface area, pH, cation exchange capacity), suggest that transformation and loss of SOM are the principal responses in heated soils. Findings from this systematic investigation of soil and SOM response to heating are critical for predicting how soils are likely to be affected by future climate and fire regimes.

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Section: Changes In Som Concentration Distribution and Compositionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Thermal alteration of soil organic matter properties: a systematic study to infer response of Sierra Nevada climosequence soils to forest fires

Araya¹,

Fogel²,

Berhe³

2017

SOIL

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“…Solid-state 13 C NMR was used to elucidate changes in organic matter composition after wildfires in Spain (Knicker et al, 2005a) and Turkey (Kavdir et al, 2005), and after prescribed fire in eucalypt plantations in Australia (Guinto et al, 1999). The general results are similar to trends noted above (Sect.…”

Section: Qualitative Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…The proportion of alkyl C may increase, and this is often associated with development of hydrophobicity in the upper mineral soil, which contributes to soil erosion, landslides and flooding in mountainous territory (Neary et al, 1999;DeBano, 2000). The loss of carbohydrates (indicated by reduction of O-alkyl C in the 13 C NMR spectra) also contributes to loss of aggregate stability (Kavdir et al, 2005). Thus, fire generally causes the remaining organic matter to become less soluble and more resistant to oxidation and biological decomposition.…”

Section: How Fire Affects Soil Properties and Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black (pyrogenic) carbon: a synthesis of current knowledge and uncertainties with special consideration of boreal regions

2006

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“…One of the most common effects of fire is the alteration in the composition and amount of soil organic matter (Knicker, 2007;Terefe et al, 2008). Several studies recorded a decrease (Fernández et al, 1997;Novara et al, 2011) in soil organic carbon (SOC) after fire, while results of other studies showed no significant change or even an increase in previous SOC content (Kavdir et al, 2005). These discrepancies occur due to the large amount of controlling factors, and therefore the effect of fire is highly variable in space and time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grassland fire effect on soil organic carbon reservoirs in a semiarid environment

et al. 2013

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Abstract. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of an experimental fire used for grassland management on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. The study was carried out on Hyparrhenia hirta (L.) Stapf (Hh) grassland and Ampelodesmos mauritanicus (Desf.) T. Durand & Schinz (Am) grasslands located in the north of Sicily. Soil samples were collected at 0-5 cm before and after the experimental fire, and SOC was measured. During the grassland fire, soil surface temperature was monitored. Biomass of both grasses was analysed in order to determine dry weight and its chemical composition. The results showed that SOC varied significantly with vegetation type, while it is not affected in the short term by grassland fire. Am grassland stored more SOC compared with Hh grassland thanks to lower content in the biomass of the labile carbon pool. No significant difference was observed in SOC before and after fire, which could be caused by several factors: first, in both grassland types the measured soil temperature during fire was low due to thin litter layers; second, in a semiarid environment, a higher mineralization rate results in a lower soil carbon labile pool; and third, the SOC stored in the finest soil fractions, physically protected, is not affected by fire.

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Soil aggregate stability and 13C CP/MAS-NMR assessment of organic matter in soils influenced by forest wildfires in Çanakkale, Turkey

Cited by 87 publications

References 33 publications

Thermal alteration of soil organic matter properties: a systematic study to infer response of Sierra Nevada climosequence soils to forest fires

Thermal alteration of soil organic matter properties: a systematic study to infer response of Sierra Nevada climosequence soils to forest fires

Black (pyrogenic) carbon: a synthesis of current knowledge and uncertainties with special consideration of boreal regions

Grassland fire effect on soil organic carbon reservoirs in a semiarid environment

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