Soil fungi: diversity and detection

Bridge, P. D.; Spooner, Brian

doi:10.1007/978-94-010-0566-1_15

Cited by 163 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…But the present data along with those of Allen et al (2003), indicate that this is not always true and both have potential bias (Bridge and Spooner 2001; Anderson and Cairney 2004). Hence, a combination of both approaches should probably be adopted in all investigations of this nature so as to ensure the actual endophytic fungi in seagrasses.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Differential methods of localisation of fungal endophytes in the seagrasses

2016

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Sections of three seagrass species (Halophila ovalis, Cymodocea serrulata and Halodule pinifolia) were assessed for endophytes based on differential staining using light and fluorescence microscopy method. Acridine orange and aniline blue detected endophytic fungi in 20% and 10% of the segments, respectively, whereas lactophenol cotton blue was more sensitive to detect the fungal hyphae in 70% of the segments. Hyphae were the principal fungal structures generally observed under the cuticle, within the epidermal cells, mesophyll (Parenchyma) cells and occasionally within the vascular tissue that varied in type, size and location within the leaf tissue. Present study also recorded the sporulation for the first time from the seagrass endophytes. Successfully amplified products of the ITS region of endophytic fungal DNA, directly from seagrass tissue and also from culture-dependent fungal DNA clearly depicted the presence of endophytic fungi in H. ovalis with two banding patterns (903 and 1381 bp) confirming the presence of two dominant fungal genera. The fingerprinting of endophytic fungal community within the seagrass tissue was assessed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) that derived with multiple bands that clarified the presence of more than one taxon within the seagrass tissue.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Differential methods of localisation of fungal endophytes in the seagrasses

2016

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“…One key group of soil organisms likely to be impacted by tropical land-use change is soil fungi, which are critical components of forest ecosystems in their roles as decomposers, mutualists, and pathogens [16][17][18][19]. Compositional changes in fungal communities have been linked to altered plant dynamics [20], changes in nutrient cycling [21,22], and shifts in soil carbon pools and fluxes [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Soil Fungi to Logging and Oil Palm Agriculture in Southeast Asian Tropical Forests

et al. 2014

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Human land use alters soil microbial composition and function in a variety of systems, although few comparable studies have been done in tropical forests and tropical agricultural production areas. Logging and the expansion of oil palm agriculture are two of the most significant drivers of tropical deforestation, and the latter is most prevalent in Southeast Asia. The aim of this study was to compare soil fungal communities from three sites in Malaysia that represent three of the most dominant land-use types in the Southeast Asia tropics: a primary forest, a regenerating forest that had been selectively logged 50 years previously, and a 25-year-old oil palm plantation. Soil cores were collected from three replicate plots at each site, and fungal communities were sequenced using the Illumina platform. Extracellular enzyme assays were assessed as a proxy for soil microbial function. We found that fungal communities were distinct across all sites, although fungal composition in the regenerating forest was more similar to the primary forest than either forest community was to the oil palm site. Ectomycorrhizal fungi, which are important associates of the dominant Dipterocarpaceae tree family in this region, were compositionally distinct across forests, but were nearly absent from oil palm soils. Extracellular enzyme assays indicated that the soil ecosystem in oil palm plantations experienced altered nutrient cycling dynamics, but there were few differences between regenerating and primary forest soils. Together, these results show that logging and the replacement of primary forest with oil palm plantations alter fungal community and function, although forests regenerating from logging had more similarities with primary forests in terms of fungal composition and nutrient cycling potential. Since oil palm agriculture is currently the mostly rapidly expanding equatorial crop and logging is pervasive across tropical ecosystems, these findings may have broad applicability.

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“…Microbial DNA can be extracted from environmental samples, amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned into bacteria, and sequenced in high-throughput facilities (Bridge and Spooner, 2001). It is also possible to isolate DNA from the active members of the soil microbial community using approaches such as nucleotide analog labeling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen fertilization reduces diversity and alters community structure of active fungi in boreal ecosystems

Allison

Hanson

Treseder

2007

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

264

147

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Nitrogen (N) availability is increasing in many ecosystems due to anthropogenic disturbance. We used a nucleotide analog technique and sequencing of ribosomal RNA genes to test whether N fertilization altered active fungal communities in two boreal ecosystems. In decaying litter from a recently burned spruce forest, Shannon diversity decreased significantly with N fertilization, and taxonomic richness declined from 44 to 33 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). In soils from a mature spruce forest, richness also declined with N fertilization, from 67 to 52 OTUs. Fungal community structure in litter differed significantly with N fertilization, primarily because fungi of the order Ceratobasidiales increased in abundance. We observed similar changes in fungal diversity and community structure with starch addition to litter, suggesting that N fertilization may affect fungal communities by altering plant carbon inputs. These changes could have important consequences for ecosystem processes such as decomposition and nutrient mineralization. r

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Soil fungi: diversity and detection

Cited by 163 publications

References 35 publications

Differential methods of localisation of fungal endophytes in the seagrasses

Differential methods of localisation of fungal endophytes in the seagrasses

Responses of Soil Fungi to Logging and Oil Palm Agriculture in Southeast Asian Tropical Forests

Nitrogen fertilization reduces diversity and alters community structure of active fungi in boreal ecosystems

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