Soil Inorganic Nitrogen Content and Indices of Red Raspberry Yield, Vigor, and Nitrogen Status as Affected by Rate and Source of Nitrogen Fertilizer

Zebarth, Bernie J.; Kowalenko, C. G.; Harding, Brian

doi:10.1080/00103620701216054

Cited by 9 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In one other direct approach, Kuipers et al (2014) combined monthly sampling and water table fluctuations over 1 yr to find 174 kg N ha −1 at a site whose soil N budget yielded an estimated 180 kg N ha −1 of surplus N. Using a regional soil N budget approach, Zebarth et al (1998) indirectly estimated 245 kg N ha −1 of surplus N available for leaching annually for the ASA. If soil zone leaching is assumed to occur primarily in autumn and winter (Kowalenko, 1987), the quantity of residual NO 3 in the root zone at the end of the growing season ranged from 25 to 698 kg N ha −1 to 60‐cm depth (Dean et al, 2000; Zebarth et al, 2007), which can be an index of the risk of NO 3 leaching (Zebarth et al, 1995). This suggests that careful management is required under raspberry production to minimize the risk of groundwater NO 3 contamination in the ASA.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Field‐Scale Approach to Estimate Nitrate Loading to Groundwater

et al. 2018

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The quantification of groundwater NO loading associated with a specific field or set of management practices so that groundwater quality improvements can be objectively assessed is a major challenge. The magnitude and timing of NO export from a single agricultural field under raspberry ( L.) production were investigated by combining high-resolution groundwater NO concentration profiles (sampled using passive diffusion samplers) with Darcy's flux estimation at the field's down-gradient edge (based on field-measured hydraulic gradients and laboratory-estimated hydraulic conductivity). Annual recharge estimated using Darcy's law (1002 mm) was similar to that obtained using two other approaches. The similarity in the rate of Cl applied to the field and the estimated export flux over the 1-yr monitoring period (51 vs. 56 kg Cl ha) suggested the mass flux estimation approach was robust. An estimated 80 kg NO-N ha was exported from the agricultural field over the 1-yr monitoring period. The greatest monthly groundwater mass flux exported was observed in February and March (∼11 kg NO-N ha), and was associated with NO leached from the soil zone during the onset of precipitation in the previous autumn. Provided the groundwater recharged from the field of interest can be isolated within a vertical profile, this approach is an effective method for obtaining spatially integrated estimates of the magnitude and timing of NO loading to groundwater.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Field‐Scale Approach to Estimate Nitrate Loading to Groundwater

et al. 2018

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“…The positive agronomic and environmental benefits that have been reported from the use of controlledrelease fertilisers can be related to restrictions in soil nutrient availability, such as the improvement in N 2 fixation in flooded rice (Carreres et al 2003), the reduction in nutrient concentration in runoff water from vegetated roofs (Emilsson et al 2007), or the promotion of morphological values of containerized Pinus halepensis seedlings (Oliet et al 2004). Poor results associated with controlled-release fertilisers have been reported when the release of significant amounts of nutrients was important for crop performance (Zebarth et al 2007;Rodrigues et al 2010). In this experiment, the apparent lack of available N in the Basacote plots, in particular in the colder months of March and April would mainly also be the result of the temperature regime throughout the growing season (Fig.…”

Section: Agronomic Performances Of Fertilisersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-use efficiency and economic efficiency of slow-release N fertilisers applied to irrigated turfs in a Mediterranean environment

Arrobas

Parada

Magalhães³

et al. 2010

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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The effect of three fertilisers that delay the bioavailability of nitrogen (N) in the soil was compared with ammonium nitrate and a zero N control in two irrigated turfs in NE Portugal. The fertilisers used were: Floranid permanent 16-7-15 (slow-release, IBDU/Isodur fertiliser); Basacote plus 9M 16-8-12 (controlled-release fertiliser, copolymer ethylene acrylic); Nitroteck 20-8-10 (stabilized fertiliser, dicyandiamide as nitrification inhibitor ? coating with polyterpene) and Nitrolusal (ammonium nitrate, 20.5% N), applied all at a rate of 120 kg N ha -1 . Nitrolusal was split into two fractions of 60 kg N ha -1 . Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) rates were balanced among treatments by using superphosphate (18% P 2 O 5 ) and potassium chloride (60% K 2 O). The turf dry matter (DM) yield and N concentration in dry material were determined from several cuts of biomass throughout the growing season. Based on DM yield, N concentration in dry material and fertilisation costs, indices of N use efficiency and economic efficiency were estimated. Soil nitrate levels were monitored by using anion exchange membranes inserted directly into the soil. Basacote gave significantly lower DM yields than the other fertilised treatments. The apparent N recovery of Basacote was also the lowest. The results showed that Basacote released less N than that required for an adequate plant growth in the beginning of the growing season, hampered the flush of spring growth. Furthermore, the release period of this Basacote formulation, in the environmental conditions of these experiments, seemed to be longer than the length of the growing season. Nitroteck and Floranid yielded similar or even higher DM and apparent N recovery values than did Nitrolusal. The indices of economic efficiency ordered the fertilisers as Nitroteck [ Nitrolusal [ Floranid [ Basacote or Nitrolusal [ Nitroteck [ Floranid [ Basacote, if the costs of P and K fertilisers used to balance the P and K rates in the experimental design were, respectively, taken or not taken into account.

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“…Of the major crops in the lower Fraser Valley, which includes the Canadian portion of the ASA, raspberry was found to have the greatest postharvest residual NO 3 –N (Kowalenko et al, 2007). Residual soil NO 3 –N was greatest in raspberry fields that had received manure applications and generally increased with increasing mineral fertilizer application rate (Zebarth et al, 2007). Considerable postharvest residual NO 3 –N was frequently observed in raspberry fields even when no fertilizer was applied in the previous growing season (Zebarth et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Residual soil NO 3 –N was greatest in raspberry fields that had received manure applications and generally increased with increasing mineral fertilizer application rate (Zebarth et al, 2007). Considerable postharvest residual NO 3 –N was frequently observed in raspberry fields even when no fertilizer was applied in the previous growing season (Zebarth et al, 2007). The postharvest residual NO 3 –N results suggest that the risk of NO 3 –N leaching can vary widely among commercial raspberry fields, likely in response to variations in management practices and soil properties, and may also vary significantly within individual fields (Zebarth et al, 2002, 2015).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The postharvest residual NO 3 –N results suggest that the risk of NO 3 –N leaching can vary widely among commercial raspberry fields, likely in response to variations in management practices and soil properties, and may also vary significantly within individual fields (Zebarth et al, 2002, 2015). Although researchers commonly assume NO 3 –N leaching occurs predominantly during the rainy non‐growing season (Chesnaux and Allen, 2008; Zebarth et al, 2015), evidence of NO 3 –N leaching from the root zone during the growing season was found in some raspberry fields and years (Zebarth et al, 2007). This suggests that postharvest residual NO 3 –N may underestimate the risk of NO 3 –N leaching in some cases.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Quantifying Nitrate Leaching under Commercial Red Raspberry Using Passive Capillary Wick Samplers

Loo

Zebarth

Ryan³

et al. 2019

Vadose Zone Journal

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Core Ideas NO3 leaching was quantified by passive capillary wick samplers over 2 yr. NO3 leaching was three times greater in Year 1 than Year 2 (240 vs. 80 kg N ha−1). Increased Year 1 NO3 leaching reflected field renovation prior to monitoring period. There was strong seasonality in NO3 leaching from the field. Despite fertilizer banding in rows, 60% of NO3 leached from alleys between rows. Groundwater NO3–N contamination in the Abbotsford‐Sumas Aquifer in British Columbia, Canada, has been attributed primarily to NO3–N leaching from red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.); however, direct estimates of NO3–N leaching are lacking. This study quantified the magnitude and timing of NO3–N leaching under a commercial red raspberry field over 30 mo (October 2010–March 2013) using passive capillary wick samplers installed below the root zone at three row locations (irrigated row, nonirrigated row, and alley) after the critical period of field renovation and replanting. Substantial NO3–N leaching (240 kg N ha−1) during the first year of monitoring was attributed to the effects of field renovation (including autumn chopping and incorporation of raspberry canes and soil fumigation and spring poultry broiler manure application) in the year prior to the initiation of monitoring. Lower NO3–N leaching (80 kg N ha−1) occurred in the second year of monitoring under typical mineral fertilizer management practices. Strong seasonality of NO3–N leaching was observed in both years, with ∼48% in autumn, 34% in spring and summer, and 17% in winter. Approximately 60% of the NO3–N leaching was attributed to the alleys between raspberry rows, which did not receive mineral fertilizer or irrigation. The high proportion of leaching during spring and summer and from the alleys suggests that growing‐season irrigation practices and alley vegetation management, respectively, would be good targets for the development of improved practices. The samplers were effective in quantifying the magnitude and timing of NO3–N leaching from a commercial agricultural field and informing the development of improved practices.

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Soil Inorganic Nitrogen Content and Indices of Red Raspberry Yield, Vigor, and Nitrogen Status as Affected by Rate and Source of Nitrogen Fertilizer

Cited by 9 publications

References 23 publications

A Field‐Scale Approach to Estimate Nitrate Loading to Groundwater

A Field‐Scale Approach to Estimate Nitrate Loading to Groundwater

Nitrogen-use efficiency and economic efficiency of slow-release N fertilisers applied to irrigated turfs in a Mediterranean environment

Quantifying Nitrate Leaching under Commercial Red Raspberry Using Passive Capillary Wick Samplers

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