Soil microbiota respond to green manure in organic vineyards

Longa, C.M.O.; Nicola, Lidia; Antonielli, Livio; Mescalchin, E.; Zanzotti, Roberto; Turco, Elena; Pertot, I.

doi:10.1111/jam.13606

Cited by 76 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…In this study, we characterized the rhizosphere microbial community composition across five commercial grapevine rootstock genotypes cultivated in the same soil at two vineyards and sampling dates over 2 years. The analysis of bacterial and fungal populations in the grapevine rhizosphere targeting 16S rRNA and ITS region, respectively, have been proved effective in previous studies (Corneo et al, 2014; Holland et al, 2016; Longa et al, 2017; Manici et al, 2017; Stefanini and Cavalieri, 2018). Especially for bacterial barcoding, the choice of partial sequence regions is pivotal and can significantly affect the results because the 16S rRNA gene regions have different divergence (Youssef et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fungal and Bacterial Rhizosphere Microbiome Associated With Grapevine Rootstock Genotypes in Mature and Young Vineyards

et al. 2019

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The microbiota colonizing the rhizosphere and the endorhizosphere contribute to plant growth, productivity, carbon sequestration, and phytoremediation. Several studies suggested that different plants types and even genotypes of the same plant species harbor partially different microbiomes. Here, we characterize the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal microbiota across five grapevine rootstock genotypes cultivated in the same soil at two vineyards and sampling dates over 2 years by 16S rRNA gene and ITS high-throughput amplicon sequencing. In addition, we use quantitative PCR (qPCR) approach to measure the relative abundance and dynamic changes of fungal pathogens associated with black-foot disease. The objectives were to (1) unravel the effects of rootstock genotype on microbial communities in the rhizosphere of grapevine and (2) to compare the relative abundances of sequence reads and DNA amount of black-foot disease pathogens. Host genetic control of the microbiome was evident in the rhizosphere of the mature vineyard. Microbiome composition also shifted as year of sampling, and fungal diversity varied with sampling moments. Linear discriminant analysis identified specific bacterial (i.e., Bacillus ) and fungal (i.e., Glomus ) taxa associated with grapevine rootstocks. Host genotype did not predict any summary metrics of rhizosphere α- and β-diversity in the young vineyard. Regarding black-foot associated pathogens, a significant correlation between sequencing reads and qPCR was observed. In conclusion, grapevine rootstock genotypes in the mature vineyard were associated with different rhizosphere microbiomes. The latter could also have been affected by age of the vineyard, soil properties or field management practices. A more comprehensive study is needed to decipher the cause of the rootstock microbiome selection and the mechanisms by which grapevines are able to shape their associated microbial community. Understanding the vast diversity of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere and the interactions between microbiota and grapevine will facilitate the development of future strategies for grapevine protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fungal and Bacterial Rhizosphere Microbiome Associated With Grapevine Rootstock Genotypes in Mature and Young Vineyards

et al. 2019

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“…Además de mejorar la disponibilidad del N, el uso combinado de enmiendas (principalmente el AV) favorece las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas del suelo, incrementa la actividad microbiana (producción de CO 2 ), la biomasa microbiana (C, N) y la actividad enzimática como la deshidrogenasa, ureasa, glucosidasa, fosfatasa y sulfatasa (Tejada et al, 2008). En cuanto a la composición bacteriana, Longa et al (2017) reportaron una mayor diversidad y abundancia de microorganismos cuando aplicaron AV al suelo. Las Actinobacteria y Proteobacteria (phylum bacteriales) son copiotrofos en el suelo y fueron las más abundantes, se presentan en condiciones de mayor disponibilidad de nutrientes y tienen una tasa de crecimiento alta.…”

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“…El aumento en la diversidad microbiana del suelo asociado con el uso de AV representa benef icios para la nutrición de las plantas, considerando que en los sistemas de agricultura orgánica la mineralización de la materia orgánica depende de la actividad de los microorganismos del suelo (Longa et al, 2017).…”

Section: Suelounclassified

“…En el estado de Jalisco (México) crecen de forma silvestre 10 especies del género Lupinus, entre ellas, L. exaltatus y L. rotundiflorus tienen potencial para ser utilizadas como forraje o abono verde (Ruiz-Moreno y Zamora-Natera, 2006;Zapata et al, 2019), principalmente por su característica de establecer la relación simbiótica con bacterias nativas del suelo y f ijar N atmosférico (N 2 ), además de producir biomasa en temporada de bajas temperaturas y escasa precipitación (Herrera-Velazco et al, 2010;Zamora et al, 2019). Longa et al (2017), reportaron la evidencia del aumento en la diversidad microbiana del suelo como respuesta al uso de abono verde; lo cual sugiere que dicho abono, puede emplearse para incrementar la actividad microbiana en el suelo.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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¿La incorporación de residuos de diferentes especies de Lupinus, como abono verde, afecta la actividad microbiana del suelo?

Hernández

Nátera

Trujillo-Tapia³

et al. 2020

Terra

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In the state of Jalisco, corn and tequila agave are the most important agricultural crops. The soils to cultivate these species are characterized by low content of organic matter and nitrogen. The amendments applied to the soil provide an important source of energy and nutrients for microorganisms; promotes the diversity of nitrogen-f ixing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria, which increases nitrogen availability in the soil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of two species of wild legumes: Lupinus exaltatus and Lupinus rotundiflorus as green manure (AV), and its effect on soil microbial biomass. An aerobic incubation experiment (14 days) was carried out on soil samples with green manure and without green manure (control). Under laboratory conditions, the microbial activity of soil was monitored through the response in basal respiration and the concentration of C and N in the microbial biomass. The CO2 production and C and N content in the microbial biomass showed significant differences (P < 0.05) due to the effect of green manure. The residues of Lupinus are considered better quality than the residues of Zea mays due to its nitrogen content and low C: N ratio. The response of microorganisms presented a positive primer effect with the input of AV. Therefore, we conclude that the input of L. exaltatus and L. rotundiflorus as a green manure to the soil increases the biological activity of the soil and promotes the enrichment of C and N of the microbial biomass.

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“…On the one hand, organic farming systems, which aim to achieve a more environmentally friendly and sustainable production by exclusively using products of natural origin, have been shown to have increased soil microbial activity and a modified community composition, compared to integrated cultivation [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. The positive effects of organic and biodynamic viticulture on soil microbial properties are reported to increase over time since conversion [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Differentiation of Physical and Chemical Soil Parameters under Integrated, Organic, and Biodynamic Viticulture

Hendgen

Döring

Stöhrer

et al. 2020

Plants

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Vineyard soils show an increased risk of degradation due to being intensively cultivated. The preservation of soil integrity and fertility is a key concept of organic and biodynamic farming. However, both systems are also subject to criticism due to their higher amount of plant protection products used and their increased traffic intensity compared to integrated viticulture, both detrimental to soil quality. The aim of this study was therefore to assess long-term effects of these three management systems on chemical and physical soil quality parameters. For this purpose, topsoil samples were taken in a long-term field trial vineyard at different positions and examined for bulk density, available water capacity (AWC), soil organic carbon (SOC), N, pH, and for total and bioavailable copper (Cu) concentrations. Biodynamic plots had a lower bulk density and higher SOC concentration than the integrated ones, which is probably due to the species-rich cover crop mixture used in the inter-row. However, organic and biodynamic farming showed an accumulation of copper in the under-vine area and in the tractor track, which is problematic for soil fertility in the long-term. Therefore, alternatives for copper in plant protection are necessary to ensure sustainable soil quality through organic and biodynamic viticulture.

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Soil microbiota respond to green manure in organic vineyards

Cited by 76 publications

References 76 publications

The Fungal and Bacterial Rhizosphere Microbiome Associated With Grapevine Rootstock Genotypes in Mature and Young Vineyards

The Fungal and Bacterial Rhizosphere Microbiome Associated With Grapevine Rootstock Genotypes in Mature and Young Vineyards

¿La incorporación de residuos de diferentes especies de Lupinus, como abono verde, afecta la actividad microbiana del suelo?

Spatial Differentiation of Physical and Chemical Soil Parameters under Integrated, Organic, and Biodynamic Viticulture

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