Soil N-oxide emissions decrease from intensive greenhouse vegetable fields by substituting synthetic N fertilizer with organic and bio-organic fertilizers

Abstract

In order to reduce soil and environmental quality degradation associated with the use of synthetic nitrogen (N), substituting chemical fertilizer with organic or bio-organic fertilizer has become an increasingly popular option. However, components of this fertilizer strategy related to mitigation of soil N-oxide emissions and maintenance of crop yield remain uncertain. Here, we evaluated the effects of three different fertilizer strategies, with equal amounts of N, on nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and nitric oxide (NO) emissions, vegetable yield, and yield-scaled N 2 O and NO emissions under three consecutive cucumber growing seasons. The three treatments were chemical fertilizer (NPK, urea), organic fertilizer (O, composted cattle manure), and bio-organic fertilizer (O+T, O combined with Trichoderma.spp). Results showed that the NPK plot had the highest area-scaled emissions of N 2 O (13.1±0.48 kg N ha -1 yr -1 ) and NO (5.01±0.34 kg N ha -1 yr -1 ), which were 1.3-1.4 and 3.1-3.7 times greater than the O and O+T plots, respectively. The annual direct emission factors for N 2 O and NO were 2.08% and 0.92% for the NPK plot, which declined to 1.34% and 0.09% in the O plot, and 1.12% and 0.03% in the O+T plot, respectively. The annual vegetable yield was 117±2.9 t ha -1 for NPK plot and 122±2.0 t ha -1 for O + T plot, which was higher than 111±1.7 t ha -1 for O plot. The yield-scaled N 2 O+NO emissions differed significantly with fertilization treatment, with the lowest value observed in the O+T plot. We attributed the lower soil N-oxide emissions following organic fertilizer application to the slow release of available N and enhanced denitrification caused by the increase of soil dissolved organic carbon and pH. Compared with the use of organic fertilizer alone, the addition of Trichoderma.spp significantly increased the potential denitrification rate but decreased N 2 O emissions, which

Differential responses of soil nitrogen‐oxide emissions to organic substitution for synthetic fertilizer and biochar amendment in a subtropical tea plantation

“…As expected, annual soil N‐oxide emissions from the present tea plantation (Table 1) were remarkably greater than those from the cereal cropping system (Wang et al, 2011) and comparable to those from intensive vegetable cropping systems in this region (Geng et al, 2021; Wang et al, 2015). On average, annual soil N 2 O emissions (17.1 kg N ha year –1 ) and background emissions (2.8 kg N ha year –1 ) of our tea plantation fell within the corresponding range of 13.1–21.3 and 1.4–5.2 kg N ha year –1 from global tea plantations (Wang et al, 2020).…”

Investigating the Quality and Efficiency of Biosolid Produced in Qatar as a Fertilizer in Tomato Production

“…Our results showed no significant differences among treatments, with p = 0.8, confirming that the biosolid treatments, as sources of nutrients, can be considered equivalent to cow manure and peat moss, a conclusion which has also been reached in many other studies [64]. The quantitative link between the fruit density of tomatoes and the level of nutrients is also an essential relation, which has been indicated by many studies [65]. This relationship is determined by measuring the gained yield and comparing the fruit density among the different treatments in this study.…”

Impact of Green Chitosan Nanoparticles Fabricated from Shrimp Processing Waste as a Source of Nano Nitrogen Fertilizers on the Yield Quantity and Quality of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars

“…Also, it shows a peak at 2θ of 16.1°, which is attributed to chitosan. These findings are characteristic of the most distinctive signals of the nano fertilizers’ nitrogen with a high crystallinity without any impurities [ 38 , 39 ]. The elemental analysis of chitosan nanoparticles was carried out via the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) technique to confirm the homogenous distribution of each of the composite components without any impurities, as shown in Figure 1 E. The electron images of chitosan nanoparticles were observed in Supplementary Figure S1 .…”