Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration by Tillage and Crop Rotation: A Global Data Analysis

West, Tristram O.; Post, Wilfred M.

doi:10.3334/cdiac/tcm.002

Cited by 425 publications

(612 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

546

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In general, corn/corn had more residues and more biomass-C input than soybean/corn (West & Post, 2002). Among the winter crops, grain sorghum and sunn hemp led to higher rates of SOC sequestration than sunflower ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of cropping systems in no-till farming on the quality of a Brazilian Oxisol

Junior

Corá

Lal

2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe no-till system with complex cropping sequences may improve the structural quality and carbon (C) sequestration in soils of the tropics. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cropping sequences after eight years under the no-till system on the physical properties and C sequestration in an Oxisol in the municipality of Jaboticabal, Sao Paulo, Brazil. A randomized split-block design with three replications was used. The treatments were combinations of three summer cropping sequences -corn/corn (Zea mays L.) (CC), soybean/soybean (Glycine max L. Merryll) (SS), and soybean-corn (SC); and seven winter crops -corn, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke), pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp), grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), and sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.). Soil samples were taken at the 0-10 cm depth after eight years of experimentation. Soil under SC and CC had higher mean weight diameter (3.63 and 3.55 mm, respectively) and geometric mean diameter (3.55 and 2.92 mm) of the aggregates compared to soil under SS (3.18 and 2.46 mm). The CC resulted in the highest soil organic C content (17.07 g kg -1 ), soil C stock (15.70 Mg ha -1 ), and rate of C sequestration (0.70 Mg ha -1 yr -1 ) among the summer crops. Among the winter crops, soil under pigeon pea had the highest total porosity (0.50 m 3 m -3 ), and that under sunn hemp had the highest water stable aggregates (93.74 %). In addition, sunn hemp did not differ from grain sorghum and contained the highest soil organic C content (16.82 g kg -1 ) and also had the highest rate of C sequestration (0.67 Mg ha -1 yr -1 ). The soil resistance to penetration was the lower limit of the least limiting water range, while the upper limit was air-filled porosity for soil bulk densities higher than 1.39 kg dm -3 for all cropping sequences. Within the SC sequence, soil under corn and pigeon pea increased least limiting water range by formation of biopores because soil resistance to penetration decreased with the increase in soil bulk density.Index terms: Cerrado, crop rotation, winter crops, soil aggregates, least limiting water range, bulk density.(

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of cropping systems in no-till farming on the quality of a Brazilian Oxisol

Junior

Corá

Lal

2014

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tillage can affect CO 2 loss from the soil by aerating the soil through physical disturbance from mechanical manipulation (West and Post 2002). However, averaged across all rotation treatments, there was only 1 out of the 16 sampling dates that differed in tillage alone, which was measured on 10 November 2009 (P=0.025).…”

Section: Tillage Effects On Soil Surface Co 2 Fluxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agricultural practices that can accomplish this include reducing or eliminating tillage, decreasing or ceasing fallow periods, discontinuing residue burning, winter cover cropping, switching from monoculture to rotation cropping, and altering fertilizer applications to increase production (Farquhar et al 2001;West and Post 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Daily soil surface CO2 flux during non-flooded periods in flood-irrigated rice rotations

Motschenbacher

Brye

Anders³

et al. 2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emitted from the soil, as a result of root and microorganism respiration, is a major process in the global carbon cycle. Since CO 2 production is dependent on oxygen availability, prolonged saturated soil conditions in rice (Oryza sativa) can decrease the quantity of soil carbon released in the form of CO 2 over time. At present, a deficiency exists in the scientific literature on soil surface CO 2 flux in well-established, flood-irrigated rice systems, which are flooded for approximately 3 months a year during the rice growth period. Plenty of studies have examined soil surface CO 2 flux in dryland cropping systems and methane emissions in paddy-grown rice, but flood-irrigated rice does not easily fall into either of these categories due to the cyclic nature of seasonal flooding. Therefore, this is the first study to examine daily soil surface CO 2 flux during non-flooded periods in well-established, flood-irrigated rice rotations. For a comprehensive analysis, soil surface CO 2 flux was measured for 2 years on 10 different rice-based rotations, which had been managed using conventional tillage or no-tillage for 10 and 11 years. Rotations included continuous rice and various combinations of rice rotated with soybean (Glycine max), corn (Zea mays), and/or winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and were located on a silt-loam soil in the Mississippi River Delta region of Arkansas in the USA. Results showed that 7 of the 16 measurement dates differed in daily soil surface CO 2 flux among tillage and/or crop rotations. However, these differences were determined to be from crop maturity, in relation to early-or late-season planting, instead of patterns of long-term flood irrigation. Years that rice was grown reduced the cumulative CO 2 emissions, but substantial differences over time were minimized in rotations with soybean or corn. Findings from this experiment are valuable in the scientific understanding of carbon gas cycling in rice-based cropping systems because the aerobic periods between flooding were evaluated, which is the time period often ignored when examining carbon gas emissions in rice. Overall, this study provides evidence that the commonly used rice-based cropping systems reach a somewhat equilibrium state in daily CO 2 fluxes over time, regardless of the frequency in periodic soil saturation.

show abstract

“…Intensive soil tillage and low addition of crop residues decrease Soil Organic Matter (SOM) stocks and increase GHG emissions, ultimately leading to general soil degradation (Zanatta et al, 2007). Conversely, no-tillage (NT), combined with large crop residues left on soil, has been shown to be an effective agricultural practice for C sequestration and mitigation of GHG emissions (West and Post, 2002;Carvalho et al, 2009). However, in addition to management practices, SOM dynamics are markedly dependent on site-specific factors such as soil type, climate, and antecedent (original) stocks (Zinn et al, 2005a;Dieckow et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Long-Term Experiments in Southern Brazil Simulated with Century 4.5

Weber

Mielniczuk

Tornquist

2016

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The Century model has successfully simulated soil organic matter dynamics in many agroecosystems. However, initial applications in southern Brazil produced mixed results. The objective of this study was to calibrate and validate Century 4.5 to simulate soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics under diverse soil management practices in subtropical Brazil. Soil C and N data from two long-term experiments established on a degraded Acrisol in the early 1980s were used. Treatments were conventional or no-tillage; grass or grass/legume cropping systems; and corn with or without mineral N fertilizer. The calibration process iteratively modified model parameters to match simulated values of C additions and Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) and Soil Organic Nitrogen (SON) stocks to field data measured throughout the 25 years of the experiments. Improved fit between measured and observed data was obtained after key parameter changes. Soil C and N stocks were simulated accurately after these modifications were implemented. Other experimental treatments were used to validate the model. Century successfully simulated increases in C and N stocks under no-tillage cropping systems including legumes. However, the model overestimated Soil Organic Matter (SOM) decomposition in treatments with low N availability, like oat/corn without N fertilizer. Overall, Century version 4.5 showed adequate performance in simulating C and N trajectories of contrasting cropping systems commonly found in southern Brazil. The few discrepancies between measured and modeled SOC stocks do not preclude using Century in regional-scale applications to assess impacts of agricultural practices on soil C and N in southern Brazil.

show abstract

Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration by Tillage and Crop Rotation: A Global Data Analysis

Cited by 425 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of cropping systems in no-till farming on the quality of a Brazilian Oxisol

Effect of cropping systems in no-till farming on the quality of a Brazilian Oxisol

Daily soil surface CO2 flux during non-flooded periods in flood-irrigated rice rotations

Changes in Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Stocks in Long-Term Experiments in Southern Brazil Simulated with Century 4.5

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About