Soil organic matter as affected by management systems, phosphate fertilization, and cover crops

Souza, Géssica Pereira de; Figueiredo, Cícero Célio de; Sousa, D. M. G. de

doi:10.1590/s0100-204x2016000900067

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The C and OM content of the surface layer, which was higher in the NT system than that in CT, was inversely proportional to the intensity of the soil preparation (Table 2); this result was also found by several other authors (Santiago et al, 2008;Aziz et al, 2013;Motschenbacher et al, 2014;Souza et al, 2016;Fink et al, 2016). Under CT, soil disturbance accelerates the decomposition of OM because it increases soil aeration and the activity of microorganisms.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Although it is recognized that a simple change of the cultivation system from conventional to NT does not increase OM throughout the soil profile, some studies have demonstrated that an increase in OM occurs in the surface layer of the soil, mainly from 0 to 0.05 m (Santiago, Quintero, & Delgado, 2008;Aziz, Mahmood, & Islam, 2013;Motschenbacher, Brye, Anders, & Gbur, 2014;Fink, Inda, Bavaresco, Barrón, & Torrent, 2016;Souza, Figueiredo, & Sousa, 2016). However, there is still a need for long-term studies relating the effect of cropping system to the degree of humification of humic substances (HS) in the surface layer of tropical soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soybean macronutrient availability and yield as affected by tillage system

et al. 2019

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The effect of tillage system (NT-no tillage; CT-conventional tillage; MT-minimum tillage; and NT/scarification, every three years) on soybean nutrient availability and yield was evaluated on Oxisol after 12 years of cultivation. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m and were analyzed for P, K, Ca, Mg, carbon (C), organic matter (OM), pH value, potential CEC, base saturation (BS%), and number of semiquinone organic radicals. The macronutrient concentration in the leaves and amount accumulated in the plants at the blooming stage were determined, as well as the yield of the two soybean crops. The soil pH value, BS% and K, Ca, and Mg concentrations were not influenced by the tillage system. The soil P and OM in the surface layer, however, were inversely proportional to the intensity of soil preparation. The P content in the soil surface layer under NT was twice as high as that of soil under CT. The P content in the soybean leaves under NT was also higher compared to that in the plants under CT and MT. The number of semiquinone radicals was low in the soil surface layer under NT, indicating a small degree of humification. However, soybean yield was not affected by the tillage system.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soybean macronutrient availability and yield as affected by tillage system

et al. 2019

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“…In Brazil, several studies have evaluated the decomposition and nutrient release potential of cover crops for different regions and purposes, for example, in no-tillage systems in the South and Southeast (Torres et al, 2015;Ziech et al, 2015;Souza et al, 2016;Pavinato et al, 2017), and cover crop mixtures in the semiarid region (Giongo et al, 2011). However, there are no scientific studies on this subject published in recognized journals that have been conducted in the region of the Recôncavo Baiano.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition and Nutrient Release Dynamics of Shoot Phytomass of Cover Crops in the Recôncavo Baiano

Xavier

Oliveira

Silva

2017

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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ABSTRACT:Evaluating the decomposition dynamics of vegetative residues from cover crops can provide a better understanding of nutrient release, which is fundamental when choosing a species that is adapted to local conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the decomposition rates and nutrient release dynamics of the shoot phytomass of different cover crops that have potential for agricultural use in the Recôncavo Baiano, Brazil. Crop residues of the following species were analyzed: sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) -CROT; velvet bean (Mucuna aterrima L.) -MUC; lab lab (Dolichos lab lab L.) -LAB; jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis [L.] DC.) -JB; white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) -WLUP; and Guinea grass (Urochloa maxima (Jacq.) R. Webster) -GRAS. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The decomposition and nutrient release dynamics were evaluated using litter bags, and the remaining dry matter and the nutrient content of litter from each cover crop were quantified. The accumulation of macronutrients in the phytomass was in the following order: N > K > Ca > Mg > P > S. The highest decomposition rates of the phytomass occurred in the species JB, with half-life (t 1/2 ) of 36 days, and GRAS, with t 1/2 of 41 days. K was the element with the shortest t 1/2 , suggesting a rapid transfer rate to the soil. Organic residues from the CROT and WLUP cover crops had lower decomposition rates and are, therefore, recommended for protecting soil in the region. Sunn hemp, unlike WLUP, also had residue of high chemical quality and, thus, it is an excellent nutrient recycler. Jack bean released nutrients into the soil the fastest due to its rapid decomposition rate; therefore, it is not recommended for ground cover.

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“…This indicates a greater humification for all, due to the edaphic conditions for the conversion of labile compounds to more recalcitrant forms of SOM (Cunha et al, 2007). This predominance of HA is related to the addition of residues with a low C/N ratio on the soil surface, contributing to a greater biological activity, increasing the carbon mineralization and the production of soluble phenolic compounds that, through polycondensation, form HA, contributes to the increase of their contents in relation to the fraction of FA (Souza et al, 2016).…”

Section: Total Organic Carbon and Chemical Fractionsmentioning

confidence: 99%