Soil Water Content Distributions between Two Emitters of a Subsurface Drip Irrigation System

Kandelous, Maziar M.; Šimůnek, Jiřı́; Genuchten, Martinus Th. van; Malek, Keyvan

doi:10.2136/sssaj2010.0181

Cited by 102 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Soil water movement under drip irrigation with different crops has been studied during the last few decades, both through experimentation (e.g., Yahgi et al, 2013;Badr and Abuarab, 2013) and the use of simulation models (e.g., Skaggs et al, 2004;Kandelous et al, 2011;Arbat et al, 2013). For example, the effects of different drip irrigation frequencies (Abou Lila et al, 2013), different drip patterns (Skaggs et al, 2010), and different irrigation amounts (van Donk et al, 2013) on soil water movement and crop growth were all researched in many countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of soil water, soil temperature, and plant roots in a drip-irrigated intercropping field with plastic mulch

Šimůnek

Shi

et al. 2017

European Journal of Agronomy

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a b s t r a c tIntercropping and drip irrigation with plastic mulch are two agricultural practices used worldwide. Coupling of these two practices may further increase crop yields and land and water use efficiencies when an optimal spatial distribution of soil water contents (SWC), soil temperatures, and plant roots is achieved. However, this coupling causes the distribution of SWCs, soil temperatures, and plant roots to be more complex than when only one of these agricultural practices are used. The objective of this study thus was to investigate the effects of different irrigation treatments on spatial distributions of SWCs, soil temperatures, and root growth in a drip-irrigated intercropping field with plastic mulch. Three field experiments with different irrigation treatments (high T1, moderate T2, and low T3) were conducted to evaluate the spatial distribution of SWCs, soil temperatures, and plant roots with respect to dripper lines and plant locations. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in SWCs in the 0-40 cm soil layer for different irrigation treatments and between different locations. The maximum SWC was measured under the plant/mulch for the T1 treatment, while the minimum SWC was measured under the bare soil surface for the T3 treatment. This was mainly due to the location of drippers and mulch. However, no differences in SWCs were measured in the 60 100 cm soil layer. Significant differences in soil temperatures were measured in the 0 5 cm soil layer between different irrigation treatments and different locations. The soil temperature in the subsoil (15 25 cm) under mulch was higher than under the bare surface. The overlaps of two plant root systems in an intercropping field gradually increased and then decreased during the growing season. The roots in the 0 30 cm soil layer accounted for about 60% 70% of all roots. Higher irrigation rates produced higher root length and weight densities in the 0 30 cm soil layer and lower densities in the 30 100 cm soil layers. Spatial distributions of SWCs, soil temperatures, and plant roots in the intercropping field under drip irrigation were significantly influenced by irrigation treatments and plastic mulch. Collected experimental data may contribute to designing an optimal irrigation program for a drip-irrigated intercropping field with plastic mulch.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of soil water, soil temperature, and plant roots in a drip-irrigated intercropping field with plastic mulch

Šimůnek

Shi

et al. 2017

European Journal of Agronomy

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“…within root zone, without both wetting soil surface and percolating to groundwater (KANDELOUS et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Backpressure effects on the flow-pressure relation of driplines

Thebaldi

Lima²,

Almeida³

et al. 2016

Eng. Agríc.

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For drip irrigation design and management, it is necessary to know the relation between flow and pressure acting on emitters. In the case of subsurface drip irrigation, the backpressure phenomenon may change the hydraulic characteristics of emitters. Thus, this study aimed at determining such relationship between flow and pressure of different driplines in surface and subsurface conditions; aiming to find possible differences in hydraulic behavior. We tested four emitter types; two pressure compensating (D5000 and Hydro PCND) and two non-pressure compensating (TalDrip and Jardiline). Emitter flow rates were attained in atmospheric conditions and submerged in water, in which submergence levels represented backpressure. Assays were performed using inlet pressures of 80, 100, 120, and 150 kPa for the Hydro PCND dripline and 25, 50, 100, and 150 kPa for the other ones; the backpressures were of 0.49, 1.47, 2.45, 4.41 and 6.37 kPa with four replications. The emitters had their proportionality constants and discharge exponents changed in submerged applications, representing backpressure effect. Non-pressure compensating emitters had their discharge exponent decreased, while in pressure compensating ones, it was increased. Backpressure reduced emitter flow rates at all evaluated pressures.KEYWORDS: discharge exponent, proportionality constant, trickle irrigation. EFEITOS DA CONTRAPRESSÃO SOBRE A RELAÇÃO VAZÃO-PRESSÃO DE TUBOGOTEJADORESRESUMO: Para o projeto e o manejo da irrigação por gotejamento, é necessário o conhecimento da relação entre vazão e pressão atuante sobre os emissores. Porém, o fenômeno da contrapressão, no caso do gotejamento subsuperficial, pode alterar as características hidráulicas dos emissores. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a relação entre a vazão e a pressão de diferentes tubogotejadores em condições superficiais e subsuperficiais, e as possíveis diferenças no comportamento hidráulico dos emissores nessas duas condições. Foram utilizados nos ensaios quatro emissores: dois autocompensantes (D5000 e Hydro PCND) e dois não autocompensantes (TalDrip e Jardiline). A vazão destes foi obtida em condição atmosférica e submersa em água, em que os níveis de submersão representaram a contrapressão. Os ensaios foram realizados utilizando as pressões de entrada de 80; 100; 120 e 150 kPa para o tubo gotejador Hydro PCND e 25; 50; 100 e 150 kPa, para os demais, e contrapressões de 0,49; 1,47; 2,45; 4,41 e 6,37 kPa, com quatro repetições. Os emissores tiveram suas constantes de proporcionalidade e expoentes de descarga alterados em aplicação submersa. Emissores não autocompe nsantes tiveram seu expoente de descarga diminuído, enquanto nos autocompensantes, este aumentou. A vazão de emissores foi reduzida pelo efeito da contrapressão, em todas as pressões avaliadas.

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“…HYDRUS-2D is a hydrologic model that simulates water, heat, and solute movements in 2D and 3D variably saturated porous media [29,30]. HYDRUS-2D has been successfully used to model various solute transports under drip irrigation, such as nitrogen leaching, fertigation, and salt accumulation [31][32][33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the Effects of Mulch and Irrigation Amount on Soil Water Distribution and Root Zone Water Balance Using HYDRUS-2D

Han

Zhao

Feng

et al. 2015

Water

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Water scarcity is the most critical constraint for sustainable cotton production in Xinjiang Province, northwest China. Drip irrigation under mulch is a major water-saving irrigation method that has been widely practiced for cotton production in Xinjiang. The performance of such an irrigation system should be evaluated for proper design and management. Therefore, a field experiment and a simulation study were conducted to (1) determine a modeling approach that can be applied to manage drip irrigation under mulch for cotton production in this region; and (2) examine the effects of irrigation amount and mulch on soil water distribution and root zone water balance components. In the experiment, four irrigation treatments were used: T1, 166. 2623T1 to T4, while a lot of stored soil water in the root zone was utilized and a huge amount of water was recharged from the layer below 70 cm to compensate for the decrease in irrigation amount. Mulch significantly reduced evaporation by 11.7 mm and increased root water uptake by 11.2 mm. Our simulation study suggests that this model can be applied to provide assistance in designing drip irrigation systems and developing irrigation strategies.

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Soil Water Content Distributions between Two Emitters of a Subsurface Drip Irrigation System

Cited by 102 publications

References 28 publications

Spatial distribution of soil water, soil temperature, and plant roots in a drip-irrigated intercropping field with plastic mulch

Spatial distribution of soil water, soil temperature, and plant roots in a drip-irrigated intercropping field with plastic mulch

Backpressure effects on the flow-pressure relation of driplines

Evaluating the Effects of Mulch and Irrigation Amount on Soil Water Distribution and Root Zone Water Balance Using HYDRUS-2D

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