Soil water content estimation using ground penetrating radar data via group intelligence optimization algorithms: An application in the Northern Shaanxi Coal Mining Area

Abstract

The determination of quantitative relationship between soil dielectric constant and water content is an important basis for measuring soil water content based on ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology. The calculation of soil volumetric water content using GPR technology is usually based on the classic Topp formula. However, there are large errors between measured values and calculated values when using the formula, and it cannot be flexibly applied to different media. To solve these problems, first, a combination of GPR and shallow drilling is used to calibrate the wave velocity to obtain an accurate dielectric constant. Then, combined with experimental moisture content, the intelligent group algorithm is applied to accurately build mathematical models of the relative dielectric constant and volumetric water content, and the Topp formula is revised for sand and clay media. Compared with the classic Topp formula, the average error rate of sand is decreased by nearly 15.8%, the average error rate of clay is decreased by 31.75%. The calculation accuracy of the formula has been greatly improved. It proves that the revised model is accurate, and at the same time, it proves the rationality of the method of using GPR wave velocity calibration method to accurately calculate the volumetric water content.

[Retracted] Application of Computer Simulation Optimization Algorithm in Waste Treatment of Drilling Engineering

“…We add glass materials and melt the two and sintered into a glass body at a temperature of more than 1000°C to achieve the curing of waste. Glass curing technology has converted the waste components into glass components, which is the best curing of waste treatment, and the treatment of curing body pollutant leaching rate is the lowest, which is the best waste reduction effect [16]. However, the disadvantages of glass curing technology are as follows: the process is complex, high equipment material is required, in the treatment process, there is a high-temperature operation, there is a waste of energy while generating a variety of pollutant gases, there is a pollutant transfer problem, the comprehensive treatment costs are high, and it is difficult to carry out the large-scale hazardous waste treatment.…”

From Its Core to the Niche: Insights from GPR Applications

“…In this case, advances in data processing have addressed signal attribute extraction and characterization to associate waveform parameters with specific subsurface features, such as moisture content and volumetric water content, as well as to classify radar results to complement, or even replace, human interpretation [215][216][217][218].…”

A nondestructive compaction quality evaluation of runway construction with GPR data

“…Compared with traditional methods, GPR has the characteristics of fast, continuous, nondestructive, and high precision [8]; thereby providing dense and accurate data at higher resolution. Therefore, GPR is widely used in runway quality detection, such as moisture content of structural layer [9][10][11], thickness [12], crack detection [13], railway ballast fouling [14], and road compaction detection [15,16]. Anbazhagan et al [17] quantified soil water content by using the relative permittivity under different models with four soils of different textures and divided the sensitivity of key parameters of the fitting model to realize the rapid measurement of soil water content.…”