Sol−Gel Synthesis and Characterization of Carbon/Ceramic Composite Electrodes

Oskam, Gerko; Searson, Peter C.

doi:10.1021/jp972313v

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Small aggregates of graphite particles (with 40-100 lm diameter [15,26]) surrounded by the mesoporous hydrophobic silicate matrix (pore diameter ca. 10 nm [25]) are present at the electrode surface.…”

Section: Voltammetry At Composite Silicate Graphite Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of biphasic electrodes based on the liquid N,N-didodecyl-N′N′-diethylphenylenediamine redox system immobilised on porous hydrophobic silicates and immersed in aqueous media

Shul

McKenzie

Niedziolka

et al. 2005

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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Section: Voltammetry At Composite Silicate Graphite Electrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of biphasic electrodes based on the liquid N,N-didodecyl-N′N′-diethylphenylenediamine redox system immobilised on porous hydrophobic silicates and immersed in aqueous media

Shul

McKenzie

Niedziolka

et al. 2005

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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“…The latter is composed of interconnected graphite particle within mesoporous silicate matrix [38]. The size of the conducting particles is by about three orders of magnitude larger than the diameter of the pores, typically ca.10 nm [1].…”

Section: Effect Of Electrode Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ceramic Carbon Electrode Modified with Butyloferrocene

Saczek-Maj

Opałło

2003

Electroanalysis

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Ceramic carbon electrode modified with butyloferrocene was prepared and studied. The electrode consists of graphite powder, homogeneously dispersed in hydrophobic silica matrix. The latter was obtained from organically modified silicate ± methyltrimethoxysilane by sol-gel process. After gelation and drying it was filled with redox liquid ± butyloferrocene by immersion. The properties of the electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry in aqueous salt solution of different concentration. The cyclic polarization of the electrode in aqueous electrolyte results in peak shaped voltammogram, stable during continuous potential cycling. The modification of the electrode with butyloferrocene diluted by hydrophobic non-electroactive solvent like hexadecane leads to a decrease of the current. The specific voltammogram features were attributed to the redox process of butyloferrocene. The magnitude of the current is proportional to the aqueous electrolyte concentration. It has been concluded that the electrooxidation of redox liquid within hydrophobic silicate matrix is followed by anion transfer from aqueous phase. The electrode process occurs at the three phase junction formed by graphite particles and liquid organic-aqueous interface supported by hydrophobic silicate.

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“…Leaching of these entrapped species does not occur or occurs very slowly. Sol-gel-derived electrochemical biosensors mainly release on two basic configurations: conductive ceramic composite (bulk modification) [29] and electrode surface coating [30]. Although the two methods have been used successfully for immobilization of glucose oxidase and electron transfer mediators, in the bulk modification method a substantial amount of enzyme and carbon nanotube are needed for the electrode fabrication.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%