Solar heating of Lake Fryxell, a permanently ice-covered Antarctic lake

Hoare, R. A.; Popplewell, K. B.; House, D. A.; Henderson, R. A.; Prebble, W. M.; Wilson, A. T.

doi:10.1029/jz070i006p01555

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Spot depth measurements (Hoare et al 1965) suggest an average depth for Lake Fryxell along Line C of 7 m (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Gravity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gravity models of the lower Taylor Valley, Antarctica

Hicks¹,

Bennett²

1981

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Abstract154 gravity stations were sited in the lower Taylor Valley, along 4 survey lines between Suess Glacier and New Harbour, Antarctica. Basement profiles across and along the valley show that, below the glacial and sedimentary overburden, Paleozoic basement rock forms a symmetrical valley, deepening to about 600 m below sealevel at New Harbour. Basement topography generally is smooth, except for a series of ridges between Lakes Hoare and Fryxell.

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“…Spot depth measurements (Hoare et al 1965) suggest an average depth for Lake Fryxell along Line C of 7 m (Fig. 4).…”

Section: Gravity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2) are assumed to be 30 m, and an average depth for Lake Fryxell is taken as 10 m (Hoare et al 1965). The bathymetry of New Harbour is simplified from Northey et al (1975).…”

Section: Gravity Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gravity models of the lower Taylor Valley, Antarctica

Hicks¹,

Bennett²

1981

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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“…These were X-rayed (with the above equipment) for the presence of carbonate. TREATMENT OF WATER COLUMN CARBONATE DATA Lake Fryxell' s permanent ice cover and chemical stratification (Hoare et al 1965;Torii et al 1975;Lawrence & Hendy 1985) considerably reduce exchange between CO 2 in the lake and in the atmosphere. As such, the lake can be treated as a closed system, and hence H 2 C0 3 can be treated as a nonvolatile acid (Stumm & Morgan 1981), that is,…”

Section: Analytical Methods (From Lawrence 1982)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonate deposition and Ross Sea ice advance, Fryxell basin, Taylor Valley, Antarctica

Lawrence¹,

Hendy²

1989

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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Mechanisms of carbonate deposition in Lake Fryxeli, Taylor Valley, Antarctica (75 0 35'S, 163 0 35'E) have been investigated. The lake lies within an area once covered byRQss Sea 1 ice (c. 20 000 years ago) and its proglaciallake. Lake sediments consist of five units, unit A being the lowermost deposit cored and unit E the uppermost. Three phases of carbonate deposition are evident in these sediments and result from climate changes associated with ice advances andretreat.(1) About 20 000 years ago, a calcareous mud (unit B) was deposited in a deep proglacial Lake Washburn. The carbonate is of biogenic origin, and mixed calcite/ aragonite mineralogy. Aragonite is the dominant phase. (2) About 10 000 years ago the ice had retreated beyond the basin margins and the large volume of water then covered areas once under ice. This spreading of lake waters increased the ablation surface, resulting in evaporative concentration of lake waters, and a reduction in lake levels. Brine concentration caused the precipitation of the aragonite unit D. 8 13C values indicate that biogenic processes continued to operate but were overshadowed by inorganic carbonate deposition. (3) Following the complete retreat of the Ross Sea ice, alpine glaciers then readvanced. Meltwaters therefrom flowed into the lake basin refilling the lake. Evaporated brines then rediffused up into the water column resulting in the present chemical stratification. Modification ofthe water column in the upper euphotic zone, mainly by photosynthetic algae, causes the precipitation of calcite which falls as a pelagic rain to the lake bed. Where the lake bed is within the euphotic zone, stromatolitic deposition occurs. In addition to the three depositional mechanisms, there may be diagenetic alteration of the carbonates in units B andD.

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“…The temperatures are of interest because it is at first surprising that lakes containing liquid water should exist at all in a region whose average temperature is about -20°c. It appears that the relatively high temperatures are only possible because convection in the lakes is inhibited by a stable gradient of salinity; hence the dissolved salts also are of interest in so far as they affect the density (Wilson and Wellman, 1962;Angino et al, 1964;Ragotzkie and Likens, 1964;Shirtcliffe and Benseman, 1964;Shirtcliffe, 1964;Hoare et at.) 1965;Hoare, 1966;Hoare, 1968;Bell, 1967).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%