Solar timber kilns: State of the art and foreseeable developments

Abstract

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Industrial and Agricultural Applications of Solar Heat

“…As all solar collectors have heat losses (otherwise, the threshold insolation would always be zero), utilizability always has a value of less than 1. Utilizability can be related to other statistical properties of diurnal and annual patterns of insolation [27][28][29][30] to produce expressions to which specific collector parameters can be attached. Generalized expressions can then be derived, for example, for the yearly total energy delivered by flat-plate collectors whose tilt angles equaled the latitude of their notional location [31].…”

“…Dynamic control is essential if a crop dryer is to achieve the desired process conditions under varying insolation. In solar wood drying, it is necessary to control the interactions of insolation, ambient humidity, wood species characteristics, and variability in the initial moisture content [28,53].…”

Development of a sustainable methodology for life-cycle performance evaluation of solar dryers

“…Concerns regarding greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (related to the rapid depletion of fossil fuels), together with drying being an energyintensive process, has prompted the development of solar drying systems on an industrial scale (Luna et al, 2009;Pirasteh et al, 2014;Romano et al, 2009;Sharma et al, 2009). However, the development of solar-drying technology, such as large-scale solar drying facilities, must be based on sound knowledge of the energy resource and the anticipated performance of the associated dryer (i.e.…”

Model and simulation of a solar kiln with energy storage

“…Solar systems are currently evolving towards integrating energy storage [1], so as to resolve the problems associated with the intermittent nature of solar energy. The aim is to collect and store solar energy during the daytime and extract it when this energy is not available (during the night and on cloudy days).…”