Solid Contact Potentiometric Sensors Based on a New Class of Ionic Liquids on Thiacalixarene Platform

Abstract

New solid-contact potentiometric sensors have been developed for hydrogen phosphate recognition on the basis of ionic liquids containing tetrasubstituted derivatives of thiacalix[4]arene in cone and 1,3-alternate conformations with trimethyl- and triethylammonium fragments at the lower rim substituents. The recognition of selected anions including carbonate, hydrogen phosphate, perchlorate, oxalate, picrate, and EDTA was conducted using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy with ferricyanide redox probe. For the potentiometric sensor assembling, the ionic liquids were stabilized by multiwalled carbon nanotubes and carbon black deposited on the glassy carbon electrode. The influence of support, steric factors and modification conditions on the sensor performance has been investigated. As was shown, potentiometric sensors developed make it possible to selectively determine hydrogen phosphate anion within the concentration range from 1 × 10−2 to 1 × 10−6 M and limit of detection of 2 × 10−7−1 × 10−6 M with unbiased selectivity coefficients varied from 1.2 × 10−1 to 1.0 × 10−8 (carbonate, acetate, oxalate, succinate, glutharate, glycolate, and malonate anions).

Pyridine Appended Poly(Alkyl Ether) Based Ionogels for Naked Eye Detection of Cyanide Ions: A Metal-Free Approach

“…While ILs have been explored for sensing applications, there are large numbers of issues that remain to be addressed. For example, potentiometric ion sensing by ILs has been well documented; − however, it is disadvantageous due to the requirement of the expensive use of instruments to monitor the response function. Further, most of the ion sensing based on ILs happens in the presence of metal doping, which again causes environmental concerns.…”

Evaluation of Ionic Liquids Based on Amino Acid Anions for Use in Liquid‐junction Free Reference Electrodes

“…Ionic liquids (ILs), typically being strongly dissociated and relatively lipophilic electrolytes, are promising materials for developing the ion‐selective electrodes (ISEs) as well as for arranging solution‐free liquid junction in potentiometric cells. Novel ionic liquids were recently utilized for creating anion‐selective sensors for a number of organic anions . In a multisensor array formed from the IL‐based ISEs was successfully implemented to distinguish between various types of mineral water.…”

Monosubstituted pillar[5]arene functionalized with (amino)phosphonate fragments are “smart” building blocks for constructing nanosized structures with some s- and p-metal cations in the organic phase

“…A number of examples in the literature describe the binding between pillar[n]arenes and a wide range of guests: from metal cations (for extraction) to anti-cancer drugs (for targeted drug delivery).28-32 Particular attention has been paid to pillar [5]-and pillar [6]arenes with phosphorus-containing substituents. Phosphonium salts based on pillar [5]arenes have been investigated for antimicrobial activity and used as phase transfer catalysts.…”

“…Phosphonium salts based on pillar [5]arenes have been investigated for antimicrobial activity and used as phase transfer catalysts. 33 Phosphine oxides have been proposed for the extraction and selective separation of heavy metals.34-36 Supramolecular micelles and vesicles based on salts of phosphonic acids of pillar [5]-and pillar [6]arenes have been used as nanocontainers for targeted drug delivery and for the separation and enrichment of protein cell membranes.37 Notably, the number of publications devoted to the synthesis of mono-and disubstituted phosphorus-containing pillar [5]arenes is substantially lower compared to their decaphosphorylated analogs38,39 as are their applications.…”