Solid Phase Extraction of Phosphorus-containing Amino Acid-type Herbicides and Their Metabolites from Human Blood with Titania for Determination by Capillary Electrophoresis

Abstract

Phosphorus-containing amino acid-type herbicides (PAAHs) and their metabolites in human plasma and whole blood were extracted with titania and determined by capillary electrophoresis (CE). The recoveries of glyphosate (GLYP), aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), gluphosinate (GLUF), and 3-methylphosphonico-propionic acid (MPPA) from human plasma were 84.6, 76.8, 90.4, and 89.6%, respectively. The recoveries of GLYP, AMPA, GLUF, and MPPA from whole blood were 79.6, 84.4, 36.9, and 31.8%, respectively. The low recoveries of GLUF and MPPA from whole blood were improved by the dilution of whole blood with water to 4-fold.

Development and validation of a liquid chromatography–fluorescence–mass spectrometry method to measure glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in rat plasma

“…Taking into account the simple procedure to process the samples, these results were very good, particularly when compared with the often tedious and time-consuming procedures commonly employed with these compounds, such as SPE. Indeed, the recoveries obtained are in concordance with the recovery values obtained with SPE and other sample treatments [27,28,30,32,33,43], especially the recoveries of GLYP.…”

“…However, their low molecular mass and the effect of the phospholipid matrix also generate problems with LC-MS techniques, making it wiser to employ ionic chromatography and ICP-MS [35][36][37] or capillary electrophoresis coupled to ICP-MS [38]. Spectroscopy and other techniques have also been proposed as suitable methods to analyze these compounds [39][40][41][42][43]. Nevertheless, the determination of GLYP and AMPA in different matrices is still an important problem in contemporary applied analytical chemistry.…”

“…Despite the wide variety of techniques and methods proposed to evaluate GLYP and AMPA in different matrices, mainly environmental and food samples, only a few of these have been used for serum or plasma [3,17,33,43], reflecting the problems associated with this analysis. To develop a reliable method to analyze these compounds in rat plasma, we have considered all the aforementioned options, taking into account that HPLC methods are the most widely used for biological fluids.…”

Titania-Based Stationary Phase: A Potential Separation Tool of Bioanalytical Field

“…Ishiwata and coworkers 51 have reported the extraction of glyphosate, gluphosinate and their corresponding metabolites in human plasma and whole blood using titania powder synthesized by an adapted method reported by Tani and coworkers. 3 Although complete recoveries of phosphorus-containing amino acid-type herbicides from whole blood were not achieved, their method was enough to detect them spiked into the whole blood by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with indirect UV detection.…”

A Fast and Simple Analysis of Glyphosate in Tea Beverages by Capillary Electrophoresis with On-Line Copper(II)-Glyphosate Complex Formation

“…Indirect detection CE methods without derivatization of glyphosate have been reported. 8,9) However, indirect detection usually lacks specificity and shows poor response with real samples. Glyphosate has also been directly analyzed with methods such as HPLC-mass spectrometry 10) and CE-mass spectrometry.…”