Solid‐phase extraction techniques based on nanomaterials for mycotoxin analysis: An overview for food and agricultural products

Abstract

Mycotoxin contamination is a globally concerned problem for food and agricultural products since it may directly or indirectly induce severe threats to human health. Sensitive and selective screening is an efficient strategy to prevent or reduce human and animal exposure to mycotoxins. However, enormous challenges exist in the determination of mycotoxins, arising from complex sample matrices, trace-level analytes, and the co-occurrence of diverse mycotoxins. Appropriate sample preparation is essential to isolate, purify, and enrich mycotoxins from complicated matrices, thus decreasing sample matrix effects and lowering detection limits. With the cross-disciplinary development, new solid-phase extraction strategies have been exploited and integrated with nanotechnology to meet the challenges of mycotoxin analysis. This review summarizes the advance and progress of solid-phase extraction techniques as the methodological solutions for mycotoxin analysis. Emphases are paid on nanomaterials fabricated as trapping media of solid-phase extraction techniques, including carbonaceous nanoparticles, metal/metal oxide-based nanoparticles, and nanoporous materials. Advantages and limitations are discussed, along with the potential prospects.

Nanoscale Materials Applying for the Detection of Mycotoxins in Foods

“…This process requires only a small amount of organic solvent and has good reproducibility [ 48 , 49 , 50 ]. The property of SPE sorbents determines the effectiveness of SPE as a preprocessing technique [ 51 ]. Various nanoscale or microscale materials typically possess a large surface area, enabling the loading of numerous specific recognition groups and achieving specific recognition of trace mycotoxins in complex matrices [ 52 , 53 ].…”

Amphiphilic polymers facilitated solid‐phase extraction coupled with ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry for direct extraction and analysis of zearalenone and zearalanone in corn juice samples

“…After the adsorption, the concentrations of ZEN and ZAN in the remaining solution (C t , ng/ml) were measured using the UHPLC-MS/MS instrument. The adsorption amount (Q, μg/g) at the time (t, min) can be computed according to Equation (1).…”

“…The analysis and control of toxic and harmful contaminants in foods have attracted significant attention in chemistry and food science [1]. It had been reported that the contaminants of zearalenone (ZEN) and its derivatives, such as zearalanone (ZAN), might tentatively cause many reproductive disorders, such as prostate, ovarian, cervical, and breast cancers [2,3].…”

Recent Insights into Sample Pretreatment Methods for Mycotoxins in Different Food Matrices: A Critical Review on Novel Materials

“…Next, Tahir et al [ 13 ] and Zhang and Banerjee [ 14 ] summarized the extraction, analysis and control methods of AFs, as well as the sample preparation and chromatographic techniques of AFs. In 2022, Tang et al [ 15 ] focused on the SPE techniques based on nanomaterials for mycotoxin analysis in food and agricultural products. It is worth noting that in recent years, many new materials, novel solvents, and emerging technologies have been continuously developed and applied to the sample preparation of mycotoxins, but there is no corresponding review so far.…”