Solid-phase microextraction under controlled agitation conditions for rapid on-site sampling of organic pollutants in water

Qin, Zhipei; Bragg, Leslie M.; Ouyang, Gangfeng; Niri, Vadoud H.; Pawliszyn, Janusz

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2009.08.052

Cited by 76 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Because of problems with the direct gas chromatographic (GC) analysis of a polymer solution, the organic emissions from plastics are usually controlled by various hyphenated GC techniques, for example, coupling of GC with headspace,22–25 thermal desorption,26–28 pyrolysis,29, 30 and more recently, solid phase microextraction 31–40. In the first part of this work, we have presented the results from extensive studies of aqueous suspension copolymerization of styrene (St) and MMA in the presence of pentane as foaming agent using the optimized conditions obtain from previous work 17, 18.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expandable styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymer: Synthesis and determination of VOCs by combined thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Haddadi

Mehravar

Abbasi

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Parts cast of metals using expandable polystyrene foams may have an unacceptable amount of surface defects, such as lustrous carbon. The use of foams made of styrenic/acrylic copolymers can improve the quality of foam molds and metal parts made using such molds. Lost foam copolymer was synthesized by suspension copolymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate. The polymerization was carried out in the presence of blowing agents. The decomposition products of lost foam beads were studied by a method composed of the thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). With these systems, the TG/DTA data can be combined with a GC separation and MS identi-fication methods. This combined method improves the analysis of the decomposition products of lost foam beads and enables the precise identification of the amount and the nature of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) trapped during suspension polymerization. The results obtained from the combined method were verified for the nature and amount of VOCs with the results of time-conversion studies for copolymerization of monomers in the presence of different concentrations of blowing agent. V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 124: 4711-4720, 2012

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expandable styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymer: Synthesis and determination of VOCs by combined thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Haddadi

Mehravar

Abbasi

et al. 2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…PAHs, a class of hydrophobic semivolatiles that are commonly released into the environment through the combustion of hydrocarbons and other organic matter, continue to rise in their environmental significance as they are readily distributed throughout biosystems and are a known cause of cancer among other mutagenic effects [57]. Since then, many studies have analyzed PAHs from aqueous samples using TF-SPME in various different modes, utilizing PDMS film [16,49,58,59], TF-SPME membrane [20] and an alternative thin film-based sampler using polymer-coated aluminum [45]. In addition, glass fiber reinforced TF-SPME has also been used for the analysis of PAHs in aqueous samples, using polyacrylate coatings to extract PAHs along with organochlorous and organophosphorus pesticides, demonstrating greatly enhanced efficiency with the partition coefficients for the TF-SPME device being up to 15 times higher than the SBSE device [32].…”

Section: Environmental Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, Optimization and Applications of Thin Film Solid Phase Microextraction (TF-SPME) Devices for Thermal Desorption: A Comprehensive Review

2019

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Through the development of solid phase microextraction (SPME) technologies, thin film solid phase microextraction (TF-SPME) has been repeatedly validated as a novel sampling device well suited for various applications. These applications, encompassing a wide range of sampling methods such as onsite, in vivo and routine analysis, benefit greatly from the convenience and sensitivity TF-SPME offers. TF-SPME, having both an increased extraction phase volume and surface area to volume ratio compared to conventional microextraction techniques, allows high extraction rates and enhanced capacity, making it a convenient and ideal sampling tool for ultra-trace level analysis. This review provides a comprehensive discussion on the development of TF-SPME and the applications it has provided thus far. Emphasis is given on its application to thermal desorption, with method development and optimization for this desorption method discussed in detail. Moreover, a detailed outlook on the current progress of TF-SPME development and its future is also discussed with emphasis on its applications to environmental, food and fragrance analysis.

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“…LPME and SPME, as sampling and sample‐preparation methods, were recently applied in the laboratory and on site. Several on‐site LPME and SPME methods that integrate sampling and sample preparation into a single step have been developed. These devices are portable and easy to use, thereby providing good potential for on‐site applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-site sampling and sample-preparation approach with a portable sampler based on hollow-fiber/graphene bars for the microextraction of nitrobenzene compounds in lake water

Xing

Xuan

et al. 2014

J. Sep. Science

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A novel on-site sampling and sample-preparation approach was developed and evaluated in the present work. In this procedure, hollow-fiber/graphene bars (HF/GBs) were used for sampling and sample preparation. A handheld battery-operated electric egg beater was utilized to support the HF/GBs and stir the sample solution to facilitate extraction at the sampling site. Four nitrobenzene compounds (nitrobenzene, o-nitrophenol, m-nitrophenol, and p-nitrophenol) were used as model compounds. Several factors affecting performance, including types and amount of graphene used and extraction and desorption times, were investigated and optimized in the laboratory. Under optimized conditions, the enrichment factors of the four nitrobenzene compounds ranged from 46 to 69. Good linearities of 0.01-10 μg/mL with regression coefficients between 0.9917 and 0.9973 were obtained for all analytes. The LOD of the method was 0.3 ng/mL. Satisfactory recoveries (98-102%) and precision (1.0-5.8%) were also achieved. The ultrastructures and extraction mechanism of the HF/GBs were characterized and analyzed. The proposed approach coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography was successfully applied in the extraction and determination of trace nitrobenzene compounds in lake water. Experimental results showed that the approach is simple, convenient, rapid, and practical for routine environmental monitoring.

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Solid-phase microextraction under controlled agitation conditions for rapid on-site sampling of organic pollutants in water

Cited by 76 publications

References 21 publications

Expandable styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymer: Synthesis and determination of VOCs by combined thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Expandable styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymer: Synthesis and determination of VOCs by combined thermogravimetry/differential thermal analysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry

Development, Optimization and Applications of Thin Film Solid Phase Microextraction (TF-SPME) Devices for Thermal Desorption: A Comprehensive Review

On-site sampling and sample-preparation approach with a portable sampler based on hollow-fiber/graphene bars for the microextraction of nitrobenzene compounds in lake water

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