Solid−Solid Interface Formation in TiO<sub>2</sub>Nanoparticle Networks

Baumann, Stefan; Elser, Michael J.; Auer, Michael; Bernardi, Johannes; Hüsing, Nicola; Diwald, Oliver

doi:10.1021/la104213d

Cited by 46 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…As a matter of fact, when discussing why the spectroscopic properties and surface reactivity of nanocrystal ensembles differ from those of macroscopic materials, their high specific surface area, the size and shape of the nanoparticles, and the high concentration of surface elements are commonly taken into account. The influence of particle-particle interfaces [60,[66][67][68], the concentration of which is significantly enhanced in nanocrystalline systems, is, however, strongly neglected in the discussion of their properties. Despite substantial electrochemical evidence for annealing-induced stoichiometry changes, molecular spectroscopy studies that address a quantitative description of point defects participating in the overall mechanism are scarce [60].…”

Section: Stoichiometry Levels Of Oxygen Deficiency and N-type Dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We showed previously that two different synthetic strategies towards monolithic TiO 2 anatase nanoparticle networks via (a) aggregation of vapor-phase grown anatase nanoparticles and (b) solution based processing of a glycosylated titanium precursor combined with thermal annealing (Fig. 9.7), yielded samples with high concentrations of particle-particle interfaces and comparable properties in terms of surface area, porosity and microstructure [68].…”

Section: Solid-solid Interface Formation In Tio 2 Nanoparticle Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9.7 top) was induced by crystallization of the primarily amorphous moieties and particle junctions upon controlled thermal annealing of the sol-gel derived aerogel, interfaces between vapor phase grown anatase nanocrystals were created upon contact with water. Using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), we observed on the aggregated nanoparticle systems a particular type of electron center as a point defect [68] which is located in the materials' subsurface region, and which is hosted in the region of particle-particle interfaces. Moreover, for comparing the surface properties of the two types of mesoporous TiO 2 particle networks we employed the detection of adsorbed O 2 − radicals and found that essentially the same types of surface cations exist on both structures as potential sites for interfacial charge transfer [68,172].…”

Section: Solid-solid Interface Formation In Tio 2 Nanoparticle Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), we observed on the aggregated nanoparticle systems a particular type of electron center as a point defect [68] which is located in the materials' subsurface region, and which is hosted in the region of particle-particle interfaces. Moreover, for comparing the surface properties of the two types of mesoporous TiO 2 particle networks we employed the detection of adsorbed O 2 − radicals and found that essentially the same types of surface cations exist on both structures as potential sites for interfacial charge transfer [68,172]. Related linkage between spectroscopically detectable defects and microstructural features represents relevant information for the rational development of mesoporous TiO 2 systems with improved efficiencies [174,175].…”

Section: Solid-solid Interface Formation In Tio 2 Nanoparticle Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Defects in Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Powders

Berger

Diwald

2015

Defects at Oxide Surfaces

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Metal oxides are mainly used in powder or particulate form for their application as functional materials. Insights into functional as well as unwanted properties of different defect types ranging from oxygen vacancies to grain boundaries and pores require an integrated characterization approach and are extremely difficult to establish. After a brief introduction into the complexity of particle systems and related heterogeneities, we discuss examples where for defects and other distinct structural features of MgO or TiO 2 particle systems firm structureproperty relationships have been established. Moreover, we want to point out that processing of particle matters. Related microstructural changes can induce the formation of solid-solid interfaces upon transformation of nanoparticle powders into mesoporous nanoparticle networks. This change in aggregation level and microstructure can substantially modify the electronic, optical and spectroscopic properties of metal oxide nanoparticle ensembles and, for this reason, plays a critical role for the generation of structural and-at the same time-functional defects inside particle ensembles. Introduction Particle Systems and the Hierarchy of DefectsLarge quantities of metal oxide particle powders are widely used in materials science and employed in very diverse areas such as engineering [1] catalysis [2] electronics [3][4][5] and energy technology [6]. The behavior of a metal oxide powder

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Section: Stoichiometry Levels Of Oxygen Deficiency and N-type Dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid-solid Interface Formation In Tio 2 Nanoparticle Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid-solid Interface Formation In Tio 2 Nanoparticle Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid-solid Interface Formation In Tio 2 Nanoparticle Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Defects in Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Powders

Berger

Diwald

2015

Defects at Oxide Surfaces

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“…[1][2][3]. Composite electrodeposition technology is a method to obtain composite coatings by adding insoluble micrometer or nanometer sized solid particles (such as TiN, AlN, SiC, and Al 2 O 3 , etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on plating parameters for preparing Ni-TiN nanocoatings by using Artificial Neural Networks

Xia¹,

Jia²,

Ma³

2017

Proceedings of the 2017 2nd International Conference on Materials Science, Machinery and Energy Engineering (MSMEE 2017)

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Ni-TiN nanocoatings were successfully synthesized on the surface of 45 steel substrates by using ultrasonic-electrodeposition method. The plating parameters for preparing Ni-TiN nanocoatings were optimized by using an artificial neural network (ANN) basing on the orthogonal test. And the morphologies of the coatings were investigated via scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicated that the optimal synthetic conditions were determined as follows: the concentration of TiN nanoparticles 7.5 g/L, the current density 5 A/dm 2 , the duty cycle 3:2, the concentration of surfactants 80 mg/L and the ultrasonic power 250 W. The Ni-TiN nanocoating prepared under the optimal synthetic conditions had a compact and fine microstructure which the average grain size of nano TiN was 80 nm, and the surface roughness was 14.6 nm.

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