Solid state double layer capacitor based on a polyether polymer electrolyte blend and nanostructured carbon black electrode composites

Lavall, Rodrigo L.; Borges, Raquel S.; Calado, Hállen Daniel Rezende; Welter, Cezar; Trigueiro, João Paulo C.; Rieumont, Jacques; Neves, Bernardo R. A.; Silva, Glaura G.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.11.060

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…All other reagents were used as received. T h e s p e c i f i c s u p e r f i c i a l a re a f o r C B w a s determined previously to be 1680 m 2 /g [16]. The BET isotherm indicated the presence of micropores (<2 nm) and mesopores (2 50 nm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…This is a good indication of blend miscibility and salt interaction with both TPU and COP; (2) The single T g value found for the composite confi rms the miscibility of TPU and COP components; (3) For both electrolytes and composite, the addition of salt or salt + fi llers produces increase in T g . For the electrolyte systems, where lithium cations coordinate to oxygen atoms, the formation of a more rigid amorphous structure is expected [16]. The further increase in T g with filler addition is a consequence of the jammed microstructure produced by the carbonaceous network [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the composite with carbonaceous fillers (CE4/8) shows a further increase in conductivity of half an order of magnitude, and exhibits approximately constant conductivity with respect to temperature. This composite is significantly more conductive than the one used in our previous work [16].For randomly dispersed cylinders with aspect ratio equal to 10, the theoretical percolation threshold is 12 vol% [30]. Therefore, this was the concentration of filler added to produce the electrode composite.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The production of highly conductive pathways, at very low concentration of nanofillers, is one of the most useful properties of CNTs in supercapacitors. The preparation of mats or shape-engineerable forms may allow the smart exploitation of their surface area [22].Our group has recently reported a study of materials for electrochemical capacitors, using CB and poly(ethylene oxide) PEO mixed with a polyether copolymer of low molar mass [16], prepared by spray coating. In this paper we describe two improvements to the previous procedure: the attempt to take advantage of a new kind of carbonaceous material, namely CNT, to increase electronic conductivity and the use of a commercial thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) giving higher dimensional stability at higher temperatures without loss of ionic conductivity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Polymeric nanomaterials as electrolyte and electrodes in supercapacitors

et al. 2009

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The energy challenge requires a broad range of options for energy harvesting, storage, and conversion. We have produced polymeric coatings by spraying, to be used as electrolyte and electrodes in a fl exible electrochemical double layer capacitor. A thermoplastic polyurethane and a low molecular weight block copolyether were employed with LiClO 4 to prepare solid polymeric electrolytes. Carbon black (CB) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were dispersed in the polymer blend electrolyte to produce nanostructured composite electrodes. The conductivities increased with the addition of block copolyether and carbon nanotubes to the electrolyte and electrode, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) images of the nanocomposite electrodes showed nanoagglomerates of CB connected by carbon nanotubes. The solid supercapacitor prepared with these new materials as electrolyte and electrodes showed superior performance to other similar systems. The resulting safe and fl exible multilayer device can meet the requirements of modern devices. KEYWORDSPolymeric electrolyte blend, nanocomposite electrode, carbon black, carbon nanotube, supercapacitor Electrochemical capacitors or supercapacitors [1,2], using the electric double layer charge at the electrode/electrolyte interface of a highly porous electrode, can have an important role in new technologies. The properties of supercapacitors complement the defi ciencies of other power sources, such as batteries and fuel cells [3].Nanostructured carbon-based materials have been used in electrodes for electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLC). The relationship between the surface area, total pore volume, average pore size, and the pore size distribution of the materials has a strong infl uence on the electrochemical characteristics of the resulting capacitor [3,4]. In such devices, activated carbons, carbon black or carbon nanotube composites have been employed as electrodes [3 6], mainly with liquid electrolytes [7]. Usually, the electrolytes employed in the electrochemical capacitors are acids, bases or salts dissolved in aqueous or organic solvents. Ionic liquids have also been investigated in supercapacitors [8 10]. The use of corrosive liquid electrolytes may cause dangerous leakages, which decrease the safety and lifetime of the capacitors [11,12]. To reduce problems associated Nano Research 734Nano Res (2009) 2: 733 739 with the management of corrosive ionic conductors, as well as to allow the preparation of thin film cells with high reliability, the use of solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) has been proposed [11, 13 16]. The performance of carbon-based polymer supercapacitors is closely associated with the characteristics of the materials used, such as new carbonaceous and electrolytes. The characteristics of the polymer electrolyte need to be tailored with the goal of increasing conductivity under specific experimental conditions. A degree of matching between the carbonaceous pore size and the microstructural arra...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polymeric nanomaterials as electrolyte and electrodes in supercapacitors

et al. 2009

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Preparation and performance analysis of barium titanate incorporated in corn starch‐based polymer electrolytes for electric double layer capacitor application

Teoh

Lim

Liew

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polymer electrolyte membranes composing of corn starch as host polymer, lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ) as salt, and barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) as composite filler are prepared using solution casting technique. Ionic conductivity is enhanced on addition of BaTiO 3 by reducing the crystallinity and increasing the amorphous phase content of the polymer electrolyte. The highest ionic conductivity of 1.28 3 10 22 S cm 21 is obtained for 10 wt % BaTiO 3 filler in corn starch-LiClO 4 polymer electrolytes at 758C. Glass transition temperature (T g ) of polymer electrolytes decreases as the amount of BaTiO 3 filler is increased, as observed in differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis are employed to characterize surface morphological and thermal properties of BaTiO 3 -based composite polymer electrolytes. The electrochemical properties of the electric double-layer capacitor fabricating using the highest ionic conductivity polymer electrolytes is investigated using cyclic voltammetry and charge-discharge analysis. The discharge capacitance obtained is 16.22 F g 21 . V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43275.

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Nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes based on polyethylene oxide, modified nanoclay, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate for application in solid‐state supercapacitor

Sivaraman

Shashidhara

Thakur

et al. 2015

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have been prepared from polyethylene oxide (PEO), organically modified nanoclay (MNclay), and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF4) salt. The concentration of the salt has been varied in the respective SPE, wherein PEO/MNclay ratio was kept constant. It has been proposed that three types of complex formation could be operative in the SPEs due to the interactions among PEO, MNclay, and the salt. The complex formation mechanism has been postulated on the basis of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission electron microscopic (TEM) observation, differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis, and polarized optical microscopic (POM) observation. ‘Complex 1’ and ‘complex 3’ formation could be involved in the crystalline phase as indicated by DSC and XRD analyses, whereas ‘complex 2’ formation might be restricted in the amorphous phase as suggested by TEM observation. The ionic conductivity of the SPEs has been correlated with the results obtained from XRD, DSC, and POM analyses. The formation of complex 1 and complex 2 could be responsible for the increase in the ionic conductivity, whereas complex 3 formation might decrease the ionic conductivity. An activated carbon‐based supercapacitor has been fabricated using SPEs and characterized by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic ‘charge–discharge’ behavior, and impedance spectroscopic analysis. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:1536–1545, 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Solid state double layer capacitor based on a polyether polymer electrolyte blend and nanostructured carbon black electrode composites

Cited by 34 publications

References 37 publications

Polymeric nanomaterials as electrolyte and electrodes in supercapacitors

Polymeric nanomaterials as electrolyte and electrodes in supercapacitors

Preparation and performance analysis of barium titanate incorporated in corn starch‐based polymer electrolytes for electric double layer capacitor application

Nanocomposite solid polymer electrolytes based on polyethylene oxide, modified nanoclay, and tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate for application in solid‐state supercapacitor

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