Solid-state effects on Ag in dilute alloys revealed by Cooper-minimum photoemission

Rj, Cole; Ja, Evans; Liu, Duo; Ad, Laine; Ps, Fowles; Weightman, P.; Mondio, G.; Norman, D.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.46.3747

Cited by 21 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Initialstate hybridization also affects the magnitude of the Cooper minimum. 17,38,39 If, as is suggested by theory, the Pd 4d and Mn 3d states form a strongly hybridized, delocalized band, then the depth of the Cooper minimum may be significantly reduced from that of the atomic case due to a reduction in 4d character. Such changes have been shown to produce orders of magnitude differences in the Cooper minimum.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This will not necessarily be the case since the Pd 4d states form a band and solid-state effects may be important. 17,38,39 It is known that bonding and antibonding states in Pd metal exhibit differences in photon-dependent emission intensity, particularly at the Cooper minimum. 17 If this is also the case for Pd alloys such as Pd 2 MnSn, then the antibonding states close to E F may exhibit a more pronounced atomiclike Cooper minimum than bonding states well below E F .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoelectron spectroscopy of manganese-based Heusler alloys

et al. 1998

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoelectron spectroscopy of manganese-based Heusler alloys

et al. 1998

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“…In solids, however, valence states reveal much less pronounced Cooper minima than the related states in the free atoms [4][5][6][7][8][9]. Additionally, CM in solids are shifted in energy and broadened as compared to their positions and widths in free atoms.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, CM in solids are shifted in energy and broadened as compared to their positions and widths in free atoms. These solid-state phenomena have been discussed primarily in terms of hybridization effects [4][5][6][7]9]. Another very important difference between free atoms and solids has been, however, completely ignored in the discussion so far: the different symmetry of atomic and solid-state wave functions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cooper Minima in the Photoemission Spectra of Solids

et al. 2000

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Variations of the photoionization cross section of valence states as a function of interatomic distance are studied by means of atomic and solid-state density functional approaches and compared with photoemission data. In contrast to the free atom case, a series of Cooper minima is found for 4d, 5d, and 5f states in Pd, Ag, Au, and U metals. The discovered fundamental phenomenon is of high importance for the correct interpretation of photoemission data.

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“…[7], it has little inAuence on our present analysis of Pd partial spectral eight (PSW) of Cu7sPd2s because of the negligible contribution of Pd states to the alloy photoemission spectra at the Pd Cooper minimum. We found that even if we increase crpa/cry"at photon energy 130 eV from the original value of 0.03 to 0.15 (a 5 times increase), there is no appreciable change io the deduced Pd PS%'.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nahmet al. reply

Nahm

Han

et al. 1994

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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Nahm e/ a/. Reply: In the preceding Comment [1], Weightman et al. question the main conclusion of our Letter [2] that the discrepancy between photoemission spectra and theoretical density of states (DOS) of CLl75Pd$5 is mostly caused by the matrix element effect rather than the lattice relaxation effect. They presented several arguments for this view, but as we will show belo~none of their arguments invalidates our conclusion.(I) They argued that the inclusion of the matrix element effect alone cannot remove the discrepancy between experiment and theory for the x-ray photoelectron spectra of Pd [3], but that a complex self-energy broadening Z alone can largely remove the discrepancy [4]. However, Fig. 7 of Ref. [4] clearly shows that there is still too much weight in the high binding energy region of the theoretical spectrum even after the self-energy broadening. This discrepancy can only be removed by the inclusion of the matrix element epee/ as well as /he /tfe time broadening, a procedure followed in our Letter [2] with the convincing result sho~n in its Fig. 2. This fact was pointed out even in Ref. [3], and the importance of the matrix element effect in Pd metal is unquestionable.We agree that the transferability of Z from pure metals to alloys is not guaranteed, but this is the best approximation we can make when there are no calculated results for Z of Cu7qPd~5. Weightman et al. worried about the possibility of the large ReX, but theoretically a large ImZ does not necessarily mean a large ReZ. Furthermore, detailed studies on the electronic structure of Pd, Ir, and Pt revealed that even though ImZ is large, ReZ is negligible for the occupied states [5]. Weightman e/ al. also argued that the lif'ctime broadening for the alloy would be reduced due to the reduction of the Pd partial DOS (PDOS) at the Fermi energy. But the phase space for the decay of a d band hole is proportional to the total number of possible particle-hole excitations, and the PDOS at the Fermi energy has negligible influence on the lifetime of a hole with a large binding energy [6].(2) They argued that the experimental photoionization cross section (o) ratio of pure metals is not necessarily transferable to alloys, citing Ref.[7] which claimed to show that the photon energy dependence of tTAs 4d changes appreciably from alloy to alloy. However, we have some reservations as to the validity of the analysis method employed in Ref.[7], since they normalized o~&4y by the atomic cross section of Al 3p and Cd 55 states whose wave functions are expected to be influenced more by the solid state eA'ect than for the Ag 4d state.Even if we accept the conclusion of Ref. [7], it has little inAuence on our present analysis of Pd partial spectral eight (PSW) of Cu7sPd2s because of the negligible contribution of Pd states to the alloy photoemission spectra at the Pd Cooper minimum. We found that even if we increase crpa/cry"at photon energy 130 eV from the original value of 0.03 to 0.15 (a 5 times increase), there is no appreciable change io the deduced P...

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Solid-state effects on Ag in dilute alloys revealed by Cooper-minimum photoemission

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Photoelectron spectroscopy of manganese-based Heusler alloys

Photoelectron spectroscopy of manganese-based Heusler alloys

Cooper Minima in the Photoemission Spectra of Solids

Nahmet al. reply

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