Solidification and transformation behaviour of austenitic stainless steel weld metals solidified as primary ferrite: Study of solidification and subsequent transformation of Cr-Ni stainless steel weld metals (2nd Report)

Inoue, Hiroshige; Koseki, Takafumi; Okita, Shigeru; Fuji, Masao

doi:10.1080/09507119709447349

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Although extensive structures in steels, however. The K-S and N-W ORs are the studies have been published on the solidification and micromost frequently reported relationships for bcc-fcc systems, structural evolution in austenitic stainless steel welds and including martensites in steels, and they are the only ones castings, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] it is not always straightforward to determine that have been reported for ferrite-austenite microstructures. when the two phases were formed, or if an OR existed These two relationships differ from each other by a small between delta-ferrite and austenite, when it was established.…”

Section: The Crystallographic Orientation Relationship (Or)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new Bcc-Fcc orientation relationship observed between ferrite and austenite in solidification structures of steels

Headley

Brooks

2002

Metall Mater Trans A

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A new crystallographic orientation relationship (OR) between delta-ferrite and austenite has been observed in solidification microstructures of 304L and 309S austenitic stainless steels and a ternary Fe-Cr-Ni alloy. Evidence for the new OR was obtained from electron diffraction patterns in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). This relationship, (111) fcc //(110) bcc and [110] fcc //[110] bcc , has not been previously reported for bcc-fcc systems. The ͗110͘ fcc //͗110͘ bcc alignment is distinctive among known bcc-fcc ORs. The new OR is related to the Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) and Nishiyama-Wassermann (N-W) ORs by relative rotations of 35.26 and 30 deg, respectively, about the normal to the parallel close-packed planes. In 304L fabricated by laser-engineered net shaping (LENS), delta-ferrite with the new OR was found to coexist in the microstructure with both K-S and N-W oriented ferrite, but in separate austenite grains and with less frequent occurrence. In gas-tungsten arc (GTA) welds of 309S and the Fe-Cr-Ni alloy, the new OR was the only one observed within a few grains, whereas ferrite within other grains did not establish an apparent OR with the austenite matrix.

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Section: The Crystallographic Orientation Relationship (Or)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new Bcc-Fcc orientation relationship observed between ferrite and austenite in solidification structures of steels

Headley

Brooks

2002

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…The ''lathy'' ferrite morphology is also observed in several welds near the fusion line (Figure 7), distinct from skeletal ferrite because of the faceted appearance of the d/c phase boundary caused by the K-S orientation relationship between austenite and ferrite in the lathy morphology. As demonstrated by Brooks et al [33] and Inoue et al, [34] c-austenite nucleates on d-ferrite during solidification in this mode, thereby establishing the K-S relationship, which is maintained during growth. This orientation relationship results in faceting at the c/d interface.…”

Section: B Ferrite-austenite Solidification Modementioning

confidence: 75%

“…However, the easy growth directions of primary d-ferrite and intercellular c-austenite will naturally be parallel because they will both be aligned along a common temperature gradient. [34] The incoherent d/c interface in skeletal d-ferrite is inherently more mobile than the coherent interface in lathy d-ferrite and can be induced to rapid massive growth without nucleation. This explains the well-defined and repeatable nonmassive region in FA mode alloys at the fusion line.…”

Section: A Massive Growth Without Nucleationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of the Massive Transformation from Ferrite to Austenite in Laser-Welded Mo-Bearing Stainless Steels

Perricone

DuPont

Anderson

et al. 2010

Metall Mater Trans A

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A series of 31 Mo-bearing stainless steel compositions with Mo contents ranging from 0 to 10 wt pct and exhibiting primary d-ferrite solidification were analyzed over a range of laser welding conditions to evaluate the effect of composition and cooling rate on the solid-state transformation to c-austenite. Alloys exhibiting this microstructural development sequence are of particular interest to the welding community because of their reduced susceptibility to solidification cracking and the potential reduction of microsegregation (which can affect corrosion resistance), all while harnessing the high toughness of c-austenite. Alloys were created using the arc button melting process, and laser welds were prepared on each alloy at constant power and travel speeds ranging from 4.2 to 42 mm/s. The cooling rates of these processes were estimated to range from 10 K (°C)/s for arc buttons to 10 5 K (°C)/s for the fastest laser welds. No shift in solidification mode from primary d-ferrite to primary c-austenite was observed in the range of compositions or welding conditions studied. Metastable microstructural features were observed in many laser weld fusion zones, as well as a massive transformation from d-ferrite to c-austenite. Evidence of epitaxial massive growth without nucleation was also found when intercellular c-austenite was already present from a solidification reaction. The resulting singlephase c-austenite in both cases exhibited a homogenous distribution of Mo, Cr, Ni, and Fe at nominal levels.

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“…Sn quenching worked much better than ice-water quenching and was also used by subsequent investigators to study phase transformations in stainless steels during welding (Refs. 27,28). Matsuda et al (Ref.…”

Section: Quenching Stainless Steels With Snmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both peritectic reaction and eutectic reaction have been proposed for austenitic stainless steels (Refs. 28,37). The peritectic reaction is L +   and the eutectic reaction L  + .…”

Section: Crack Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

•Microstructure Evolution and Solidification Cracking in Austenitic Stainless Steel Welds

2018

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Solidification and transformation behaviour of austenitic stainless steel weld metals solidified as primary ferrite: Study of solidification and subsequent transformation of Cr-Ni stainless steel weld metals (2nd Report)

Cited by 25 publications

References 16 publications

A new Bcc-Fcc orientation relationship observed between ferrite and austenite in solidification structures of steels

A new Bcc-Fcc orientation relationship observed between ferrite and austenite in solidification structures of steels

An Investigation of the Massive Transformation from Ferrite to Austenite in Laser-Welded Mo-Bearing Stainless Steels

•Microstructure Evolution and Solidification Cracking in Austenitic Stainless Steel Welds

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